Osteoporosis

Axonal theta oscillations evoke bursting in target hippocampal subregions.

OBJECTIVE: Local field potentials (LFPs) measured in the extracellular matrix of the brain are postulated to arise from the integration of synaptic ionic currents and spread by volume conduction. However, there is a lack of consensus on whether these spatiotemporal voltage gradients are just an epiphenomenon of spiking or if the LFPs play a functional role in information processing. APPROACH: To e...

Targeting the mitochondrial functional network: Decoding upstream pathological mechanisms and novel therapeutic paradigms for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Conventional downstream interventions targeting β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau proteins have repeatedly failed in clinical practice, and mitochondrial functional decline has been identified as the core upstream driver of AD pathogenesis. Focusing on the mitochondrial functional network as the core target, this paper syste...

AI-Powered Detection of Left Ventricular Myocardial Scar from Dual-Sequence CT: Global and Segmental Prediction Validated by CMR​.

Myocardial scar is a critical pathological substrate, often identified using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as the gold standard. However, CMR acces...

Machine learning for the identification of mild to moderate EDTA contamination of serum samples.

Background K2EDTA contamination of serum samples is a preanalytical error that poses a risk to patient safety. Contamination is most frequently mild t...

AI for Opportunistic Identification of BMD and Bone Microarchitecture: A Narrative Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed the potential for opportunistic assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitectu...

Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac CT: From Coronary CT Angiography to CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed cardiac CT, extending its clinical utility from coronary CT angiography (CCTA) to CT myocardial p...

Navigating Human Astrocyte Differentiation: Direct and Rapid One-Step Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Functional Astrocytes Supporting Neuronal Network Development.

Astrocytes play a pivotal role in neuronal network development. Despite the well-known role of astrocytes in the pathophysiology of neurologic disorde...

A Clinically Aligned Two-Stage Machine Learning Framework for Predicting Hungry Bone Syndrome After Parathyroidectomy.

BACKGROUND: Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is a frequent and clinically significant complication following parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with second...

Written in the Stars: Astrocyte Biology From Evolution to Disease.

In the 21st century, neuroglial research has entered a period of Renaissance, extending the views of prominent neuroanatomists and neurologists of the...

Development of a Multimodal Machine Learning Model for Predicting Second Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

PURPOSE: Osteoporosis increases the probability of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), and the resultant pain severely limits physica...

Kidney stones composition prediction using artificial intelligence (KiSCAI) study.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate explainable machine learning (ML) models predicting urinary stone composition from routinely available clinical va...

Deep learning approaches to predict femoral neck T-score and osteopenia/osteoporosis status from wrist accelerometry data.

Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition with substantial health and economic implications. Although physical activity is associated with bone health, th...

Comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and lumbar radiographs using deep learning for osteoporosis diagnosis.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis and osteopenia, characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), increase fracture risk, particularly in older adults. ...

A machine learning-based dual system coupling model of catalytic-gasification: a calcium-based case study with mechanistic interpretability.

Predictive modeling of catalytic biomass gasification suffers from simplified categorical representations of catalysts. This study developed a dual sy...

Evaluating Large Language Models in Endodontic Irrigants: A Structured Assessment of Accuracy, Readability, Hallucination Subtypes and Clinical Risk.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by clinicians and learners for endodontic information, yet their reliability for irriga...

De Novo Molecular Design and Bioactivity Prediction of Novel Hexahydroquinolines as Plasmodium falciparum Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 4 (CDPK4) Inhibitors.

Plasmodium falciparum Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 4 (PfCDPK4) is a validated target for malaria transmission-blocking interventions, as its inhib...

Machine learning-based screening model for osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women: a nationwide study with prospective fracture validation.

UNLABELLED: This study develops a machine learning model to predict osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women. The model was trained using the larg...

A 3D-Printed Microvascular Surgery Training Platform With High-Fidelity, Biomimetic Properties.

Current vascular grafts face limitations including inadequate mechanical strength, inability to replicate small and complex anatomical structures, eth...

Non-calcified plaque volume assessed by coronary computed tomographic angiography: prognostic significance, reproducibility, and temporal progression.

AIMS: Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide, with a substantial proportion of acute coronary events ...

A clinical decision support tool for accurate hip fracture prediction: A nationwide cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Although hip fractures are commonly associated with functional decline, increased morbidity, and mortality, accurate models for both short...