Strokes

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Risk Stratification in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The Incremental Prognostic Value of the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Predicting 36-Month Mortality.

OBJECTIVE: Current clinical guidelines for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) emphasize the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) based on scores such as the Predicting Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (PRECISE-DAPT) score and the Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) score. However, these anatomical an...

Long-PVSUNet: A Longitudinal Deep Learning Framework for Count-Oriented Perivascular Space Segmentation in Brain MRI.

Enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) are small, sparse MRI-visible markers of cerebral small vessel disease and brain ageing. Their size, low contrast, and severe foreground-background imbalance make automated segmentation challenging. Existing methods are mainly cross-sectional and do not model temporal consistency, limiting their utility for tracking longitudinal change. We developed Long-PVSUNet...

What Platform Scores Miss: Multidimensional Evaluation of AI Teaching Agents in Medical Education.

BACKGROUND: Large language model (LLM)-based AI teaching agents are increasingly used in medical education, yet their pedagogical quality is typically...

Sex-specific associations of the plasma-proteome with incident coronary artery disease.

AIMS: The etiology of coronary artery Disease (CAD) appears different for men and women, yet insights into underlying sex-specific biological mechanis...

Unsupervised machine learning with Cluster Analysis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: insights in CV risk phenotypes from a multicentre Italian cohort.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients face increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, yet existing 10-year estimation tools often underperform. This study evalu...

Integrated multi-omics analyses identify an RAS-SLC11A2-associated molecular framework linking iron metabolism with PCOS-related cardiometabolic risk.

INTRODUCTION: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder with elevated cardiometabolic risk, yet the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-iron metaboli...

New Evidence in Heart Failure: 2026 Update.

Heart failure (HF) remains a major cause of morbidity, mortality, impaired quality of life and healthcare expenditure worldwide. The global burden of ...

Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting ICU-Acquired Weakness in Postoperative Patients.

BACKGROUND: ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common and debilitating complication among critically ill patients, particularly those undergoing majo...

Development of a Prognostic Survival Risk Score for Lung Cancer Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Territory-Wide Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and its prognosis is often affected by comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes m...

Advancements in Pediatric Moyamoya Disease: A Critical Review of Surgical Decision-Making, Outcomes, and Future Directions.

Pediatric moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive steno-occlusive arteriopathy that carries a high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and neurocognitiv...

Identification of comorbidity-based clusters and mortality risk in hospitalised patients with diabetes mellitus in Karachi, Pakistan: a machine learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in Pakistan. This study applied machine learning (ML) techniques to identify comorbidity-based a...

Artificial Intelligence in Neuromuscular Diseases: Opportunities for a Data-Scarce Field.

Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) encompass over 800 distinct entities affecting approximately one in 1000 individuals worldwide, with progressive muscle ...

Development and Validation of the GLORIA-AF Stroke Weighted Risk Score for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate stroke-risk stratification is central to anticoagulation decision-making in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but ...

Risks of Major Adverse Kidney Events in Non-Hispanic Black Patients with Diabetes or Hypertension: A real-world cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disproportionately burdens non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients who experience a three- to four-fold higher ri...

Differential Diagnosis of Asthma and COPD: Established and Emerging Biomarkers and Technologies.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represent the two most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions worldwide, affecting hundreds ...

Preserving Expertise in Vitamin K Antagonists in the Era of Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Avoiding Therapeutic Segregation.

The rapid uptake of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has sharply reduced the prescribing of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), giving rise to an underapp...

Performance and label efficiency of traditional deep-learning models and a retina-specific foundation model for ocular and systemic disease detection: a retrospective comparative study.

BACKGROUND: RETFound, a self-supervised retina-specific foundation model, has shown potential in downstream tasks, but its performance in comparison w...

Machine learning-based prediction model for predicting the impact of insulin resistance on the risk of ischemic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and triglyceride glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI) index are reliable ...

Large Language Models for Accurate Medical Chart Abstraction: Enabling Scalable and Secure Artificial Intelligence Deployment in Stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Medical chart abstraction plays a critical role in clinical research and quality monitoring by transforming unstructured narra...

Artificial Intelligence-Derived Carotid Elongation Ratio May Predict Procedural Delay but Offers Limited Prognostic Utility in Mechanical Thrombectomy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid artery tortuosity, quantified by the carotid elongation ratio (CER), may hinder mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We evalu...