Devices and Vaccines

Application of Emerging Technologies in the Antiviral Field.

Viral diseases pose a serious threat to global public health, agriculture, and biosecurity. Conventional antiviral strategies are often limited by an incomplete understanding of disease mechanisms, poor targeting precision, and slow response times. Emerging technologies are now reshaping the landscape of antiviral research. This review examines the roles of four key frontiers, including organoid m...

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Risk Stratification in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The Incremental Prognostic Value of the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Predicting 36-Month Mortality.

OBJECTIVE: Current clinical guidelines for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) emphasize the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) based on scores such as the Predicting Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (PRECISE-DAPT) score and the Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) score. However, these anatomical an...

Applying an AI Decision Support Device During Cervical Cancer Screening in Bangladesh and Uganda: Implementation Study.

BACKGROUND: Screening is important for early detection of cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA...

Temporal validation of machine-learning models for shingles vaccine nonvaccination among U.S. adults aged 50 years and older.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster vaccination is recommended for U.S. adults aged 50 years and older, yet many remain unvaccinated. Prior National Health Inte...

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis in Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Narrative Review.

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) after tooth extraction depends on accurate three-dimensional bone assessment to optimize implant placement and prost...

Natural language processing for detecting endoscopy-related adverse events in free-text procedure reports at a tertiary referral centre in Türkiye: a 10-year retrospective diagnostic accuracy study.

OBJECTIVES: Automated surveillance of endoscopy-related adverse events (AEs) from non-English free-text reports remains insufficiently evaluated. We c...

Deep Learning Method Based on Multimodal Medical Image Fusion for Predicting Acute Vertebral Fracture.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning (DL) model based on X-ray and computed tomography (CT) to diagnose a...

A Clinically Grounded Review of Medical Image Classification: Quantitative Insights into CNNs, Vision Transformers, and Hybrid CNN-ViT Models.

Medical image classification has advanced substantially with convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Vision Transformers (ViTs), and hybrid CNN-ViT arch...

Single-Scattered events Imaging in ToF-PET via Machine Learning-Based Classification.

Scattered coincidences are typically rejected in conventional imaging in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) despite carrying potentially useful spatia...

Revealing Airflow-Particle Dynamics in Dry Powder Inhalers.

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are essential for pulmonary drug delivery, yet how adhesive formulation powders are converted into well-dispersed aerosols ...

Informed-Exploration Reinforcement Learning for Automated Virtual Coronary Intervention Planning.

Virtual coronary intervention planning (VCIP) aims to optimize the hemodynamic outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with c...

Embodied artificial intelligence in robotic orthopaedic surgery: from intelligent assistance to adaptive surgical autonomy.

Despite remarkable advances in robotic orthopaedic surgery over the past three decades, current commercial platforms remain precision-assistance techn...

Generative AI-enabled neoantigen vaccine engineering: From tumor antigen discovery to personalized construct design and translational validation.

Neoantigen vaccines have rekindled interest in therapeutic cancer vaccination, yet their clinical efficacy remains constrained by imperfect antigen pr...

Occlusal Devices Automatically Designed by Using Different Artificial Intelligence-Based Programs: A Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical workflow for obtaining intraoral scans, fabricating occlusal devices using different artificial intelligence (AI)-...

Deep learning auto-contouring of target and organs-at-risk on post-catheter implant CT images for prostate HDR brachytherapy.

BACKGROUND: Accurate delineation of the prostate and surrounding organs-at-risk (OARs) is essential for HDR prostate brachytherapy. Manual contouring ...

Retraction notice to Letter in reference to "Using machine learning for personalized prediction of longitudinal COVID-19 vaccine responses in transplant recipients" [AJT Volume 25, Issue 5, May 2025, Pages 1138-1139].

Automated Femoral, Acetabular, and Global Offset Measurements on Pelvis Radiograph Using Deep Learning.

PURPOSE: Offset measurement is critical in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for guiding restoration of native anatomy. However, measurements are time-cons...

Artificial Intelligence Based Skin Analysis Models for Predicting Visual Grades and Device Measured Physiological Values From Facial Images.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-based skin assessment framework capable of predicting both dermato...

Guiding the AI revolution in periodontology and implant dentistry: Concepts, ethics, accountability, and a roadmap for sustainable adoption.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly gaining attention in the field of periodontology and implant dentistry. Currently developed m...

Investigating Whether Summarizing Raw Clinical Text Affects the Prediction of In-Hospital Violence: A Retrospective Case Study: Évaluation de l'effet du résumé des textes cliniques bruts sur la prédiction de la violence en milieu hospitalier : étude de cas rétrospective.

BackgroundWe evaluated whether summaries and large language models (LLMs) preserve predictive performance for inpatient violence risk and assessed per...