COPD

Multimodal Large Language Models for Dental Chart Image Interpretation: Cross-Sectional Benchmarking Study With Students and Clinicians.

BACKGROUND: Entering clinical training, dental students must learn to read tooth-centered electronic dental records, but limited teaching time in patient-centered clinics can leave gaps in chart-reading literacy. Multimodal large language models (LLMs) that process dental record images may offer scalable educational support, yet their performance has not been benchmarked. OBJECTIVE: This study eva...

UPP1 as a Diagnostic Biomarker: Insights from Integrative Bioinformatics and Immune Infiltration Analyses in COPD.

COPD is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic inflammation, yet the role of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA modification in its pathogenesis remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to systematically screen for ac4C-related genes (ac4C-RGs) from a published database and investigate their regulatory networks in COPD, thereby identifying poten...

Patient-Centered Summarization Framework for AI Clinical Summarization: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly demonstrating the potential to reach human-level performance in generating clinical summarie...

Toward a future role for liver biopsy in HCC: literature evidence and survey-based perspectives from Korean experts.

The role of liver biopsy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is being re-evaluated in the era of precision oncology and biomarker-driven systemic therap...

Implementation of an opioid use disorder (OUD) machine-learning phenotype in real-time for the ADAPT clinical trial.

We developed and deploy a real‑time, electronic health record‑integrated machine learning phenotype to identify emergency department patients with opi...

A machine learning-assisted colorimetric platform based on a Cu-doped carbon dot nanozyme for sensitive detection of N-acetylcysteine in serum.

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a thiol-containing mucolytic agent for COPD, exhibits significant pharmacokinetic variability among patients, motivating the n...

Streamlined TI-RADS Reporting From Bilingual Speech Recognition to LLM-Assisted Conclusion Generation Using a Two-Stage Workflow.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a two-stage workflow for large language model (LLM)-assisted Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS)...

Exploratory Analysis of Electrical Impedance Tomography Features Associated with Spirometric Airflow Limitation.

Introduction: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive, radiation-free imaging modality that provides real-time information on regional ...

Comparison of artificial intelligence and multidisciplinary team assessment for evaluating biologic decisions in severe uncontrolled asthma.

BACKGROUND: The management of severe asthma with biologics has become more complex involving multidisciplinary team meetings. Artificial intelligence ...

Differential Diagnosis of Asthma and COPD: Established and Emerging Biomarkers and Technologies.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represent the two most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions worldwide, affecting hundreds ...

Targeting Airway Remodeling in Severe Asthma: Is There a Window of Opportunity for Biologic Therapy Predicting Effects Using Causal Artificial Intelligence?

Airway remodeling is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of asthma progression, fixed airflow limitation, and long-term morbidity, particul...

Rehab or not rehab: artificial intelligence helps humans identify rehabilitation Cochrane systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation is a core component of health systems worldwide, yet its conceptual boundaries remain heterogeneous and difficult to operat...

Uncoupling Type I Interferon Benefits From Inflammatory Toxicity: Transformer-Prioritized Precision Agonists for Potent and Safer Cancer Immunotherapy.

Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy is constrained by an "immunomodulatory paradox," where antitumor Type I Interferon (IFN-I) activation is coupled with de...

Breathing Life into Data: A Critical Review of Artificial Intelligence and Computational Modelling in COPD Precision Management.

The escalating global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has outpaced the capacity of conventional management paradigms to deliver...

Integrating CBC-derived Inflammatory Biomarkers with Machine Learning for Discriminating Stable and Exacerbated COPD.

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading health burden and global cause of mortality. This study aimed to assess routine ...

Pulmonary function estimation and reliability assessment using hybrid-optimized ensemble learning.

Objective.Pulmonary function tests are central to assessing ventilatory impairment but are often limited by accessibility, repeatability, and patient ...

SMART: structured, meaningful, auditable, responsible, and transparent documentation for clinical AI.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical AI systems and models increasingly need traceable documentation that makes intended use, performance evidence, transparency, and l...

Integrating Quantitative CT Biomarkers to Enhance COPD Detection in the HANSE Lung Cancer Screening Program.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer screening offers an opportunity to enhance COPD detection among adults exposed to tobacco smoke, yet guidance on CT-based refe...

Topical exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate aggravates atopic dermatitis: an integrated network toxicology, bioinformatics, and experiment analysis.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most widely used plasticizers; however, whether cutaneous DEHP exposure affects atopic dermatitis (AD)...

Large language model accuracy in inhaler technique counselling for asthma and COPD: A comparison of free and paid models across ten devices.

OBJECTIVE: To compare ten large language models (LLMs) from seven AI companies, across free and paid tiers, on inhaler technique instruction accuracy ...