Addictions

Integrating STEM career exploration into busy introductory biology courses through a student-driven podcast project.

Introductory biology courses at 2- and 4-year colleges attract students from diverse disciplines, fulfilling both science prerequisites and general education requirements. Therefore, these introductory classes provide an ideal opportunity to ignite interest in science and introduce students to STEM professions, which will likely expand with artificial intelligence (AI). Unfortunately, densely pack...

Clinical Context Variables Collectively Rival Model Choice in Embedding-Based Retrieval: Multi-Corpus Benchmark Study.

BACKGROUND: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems increasingly support clinical decision-making by grounding large language model outputs in verifiable evidence. The retrieval component is foundational: if the correct document is not retrieved, downstream generation cannot recover it. Despite this, embedding model selection for clinical RAG remains guided by general-domain benchmarks with l...

Less is more? A hybrid machine learning and psychometric approach to identifying clinically relevant psychopathology in Chinese youth using the Child Behaviour Checklist.

OBJECTIVE: Screening for psychiatric risk in youth at the population level is often constrained by resource limitations and lengthy assessment tools. ...

Development and mixed-methods evaluation of the Prehabilitation for Facial Feminization Surgery (PREFACE) Program.

BACKGROUND: To strengthen preoperative preparation and improve clinical outcomes, a multimedia prehabilitation program was created for patients underg...

An epidemiological study of Parkinson's disease in Chinese older adults using the Global Burden of Disease and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study databases.

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has increased globally, especially in China, and emerged as a critical public health challeng...

Regional disparities and metabolic determinants of type 2 diabetes in women aged 55 and older.

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term trends, regional disparities, determinants, and quality of care for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among women aged 55...

Anxiety and Depression Associated With the Dependent Use of Generative AI in Medical Students: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education has transformed learning processes but also raised concerns ab...

Machine Learning Prediction and Reducing Overdoses With Electronic Health Record Nudges (mPROVEN) in the Primary Care Setting: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Opioid overdose remains a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Existing approaches to identify individuals at elevated...

Sex-specific microbial and tryptophan signatures of depression implicate archaeal methanogens and indole-3-acetic acid only in women.

Sex differences in mental health are often overlooked, yet gut microbiota-host metabolite interactions may contribute to sexual dimorphism in depressi...

Interpretable LightGBM model for predicting postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhage in elderly hip fracture patients: leveraging systemic inflammation and medication exposures for personalized risk stratification.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a serious complication after hip fracture surgery in older adults, yet perioperative risk ...

Speech-based system for detecting alcohol intoxication using optimized deep learning.

In this research, we propose a highly accurate speech-based system for detecting alcohol intoxication, utilizing deep learning algorithms to classify ...

Between Withdrawal and Death: Can Machine Learning Improve DCD Utilization?

Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Endoscopy on Screening for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer in a Large-Scale Health Screening Facility.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted endoscopy has been developed for the early detection of upper gastrointestinal cancer; however, its ...

IN-HUMAN FEASIBILITY AND SAFETY OF SUBRETINAL DRUG INJECTION THROUGH ATTACHED RETINA USING A ROBOTIC COMANIPULATION SYSTEM.

PURPOSE: To evaluate feasibility and safety of robot-assisted subretinal injections through attached retina using the comanipulated Mynutia system in ...

Development and Internal Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting Long-Term Opioid Therapy After Hip Fracture Surgery in Older, Opioid-Naïve Adults.

BACKGROUND: Long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) after hip fracture surgery is a common postoperative complication associated with adverse outcomes, yet to...

A prospective multimethod investigation of cancer-related pain integrating clinical data and machine learning: results from the RUGGI Study.

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related pain is a multidimensional phenomenon, and key determinants of pain intensity remain unclear. The aim of this study was to ...

Risk and protective factors in addictive behaviors: Integrating artificial intelligence and traditional analytical methods to assess social and psychological determinants.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Addictive behaviors, including both substance use disorders and behavioral addictions, arise from complex interactions among biolog...

A reflexive artificial intelligence governance for transformative change in sustainability.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated in sustainability governance, yet most applications remain oriented towards optimisation and p...

Performance of artificial intelligence software: EndoAngel, EndoAID, CAD-EYE, GI Genius, and EndoScreener in adenoma detection: an extended network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is a major global health burden, with most cases arising from adenomatous polyps. Although colonoscopy is the gold stand...

Ensemble machine learning framework with SHAP and LIME for accurate early prediction of student success in online learning environments.

The development of digital learning environments has generated rich educational data capable of supporting early prediction of student outcomes. In th...