Alzheimer's Disease

Disproportionately Elevated Sulcal Index (DESI): An automatically driven index representing disproportionate subarachnoid space enlargement in brain MRI scans.

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is frequently underdiagnosed due to non-specific symptoms and the risks of invasive testing. While disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH) is a hallmark imaging feature, manual assessment is subjective and qualitative. We developed the Disproportionately Elevated Sulcal Index (DESI), a fully automated deep le...

Top five Alzheimer Disease trial eligibility criteria favor men compared to women in a clinic-based cohort.

BACKGROUND: Less women participate in Alzheimer Disease (AD) trials compared to their estimated representation in the global dementia population. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to apply five most commonly used eligibility criteria to a real-world memory clinic population to compare male and female eligibility according to these criteria. DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: Memory clinic setting. PARTICIPANTS: C...

Predicting first onset of suicide attempt among children with suicidal ideation or non-suicidal self-injury using machine learning: a prospective population-based cohort study.

While children with suicidal ideation or non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are at high risk of suicide, most do not attempt suicide. This study aims to ...

Osteoarthritis and dementia: contrasting disorders driven by mutual pathways of autophagy, mTOR, GLP-1, AMPK, wnt, and WISP1.

INTRODUCTION: Increased global lifespan is paralleled by a rise in non-communicable diseases with osteoarthritis and dementia, including Alzheimer's d...

Global Perspectives on CNS Drug Innovation: Achievements, Barriers, and Priorities for the Next Decade.

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, neuropsychopharmacology has shifted from stagnation to momentum, with first-in-class mechanisms and biomarker-enable...

Integration of glymphatic system function and hippocampal radiomics for diagnosis and conversion prediction of Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: Glymphatic system (GS) function and hippocampal microstructural changes are promising imaging markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This st...

A multifeature machine learning and resting-state EEG study reveals differences in beta oscillation in late-life depression with or without mild cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND: Late-life depression (LLD) often co-occurs with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with LLD and MCI (LLD-MCI) have an increased...

Large language models for deductive qualitative content analysis in dementia-focused embedded pragmatic clinical trials: A comparative methodological study.

INTRODUCTION: Thematic coding helps researchers characterize intervention implementation in embedded pragmatic clinical trials (ePCTs), particularly i...

AI chatbots in strabismus care: A multidomain expert evaluation of caregiver-facing information.

AimTo evaluate and compare the performance of five artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-ChatGPT (OpenAI 4), Google Gemini, Grok (xAI), DeepSeek, and ...

Factors Associated with Respite Care Use Among Veteran Caregivers: A Machine Learning Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Respite care provides temporary relief to family caregivers yet remains underused, and the factors shaping its utilization ...

Testing Near-Field Radio-Frequency Sensors to Predict Respiratory Distress in Patients Living With Dementia: A Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

BackgroundPeople living with dementia (PLWD) with advanced illness are prone to respiratory distress yet often cannot self-report dyspnea, delaying re...

Robust disease prognosis via diagnostic knowledge preservation: A sequential learning approach.

Accurate disease prognosis is essential for patient care but is often hindered by the scarcity of longitudinal data. This study explores deep learning...

The presymptomatic and early manifestations of semantic dementia.

People with semantic dementia (SD) or semantic variant primary progressive aphasia typically present with marked atrophy of the anterior temporal lobe...

Single-molecule detection of amino acid phosphorylation using electron tunnelling currents: toward neurodegenerative disease diagnosis.

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most prevalent post-translational modifications regulating biological functions, and its dysregulation is closel...

Data-driven detection of lucid episodes in advanced dementia: Application of latent class analysis to observational data.

BackgroundLucid episodes (LEs) in advanced dementia are significant clinical events yet are challenging to investigate as they are characterized by a ...

Expert Evaluation of the Perceived Accuracy, Relevance, and Safety of Large Language Model-Generated Patient Information in Geriatrics: Cross-Condition Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate patient-oriented medical information. In geriatrics, such information must ...

Learning patient-specific spatial biomarker dynamics via operator learning for Alzheimer's disease progression.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder with substantial heterogeneity in progression and treatment response....

Reducing annotation burden in medical imaging with ADGNET: A semi-supervised deep learning strategy.

We propose ADGNET, a semi-supervised framework for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis that jointly optimizes image reconstruction and classification t...

Developing machine learning-enhanced WHODAS 2.0 short forms for persons with dementia.

BACKGROUND: Disability assessment in dementia is important for care planning, but the full World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2....

Cognitive Reserve in rural and urban populations: Insights from two aging cohorts in southern India.

BACKGROUND: There are no Indian studies estimating Cognitive Reserve (CR) across rural and urban aging populations. METHODS: We estimated CR from two ...