Anesthesiology

AI-Assisted Clinical Data Abstraction From Electronic Health Records: Retrospective Concordance Study.

BACKGROUND: Manual chart abstraction from electronic health records is a critical step in clinical outcomes research but is time-intensive and prone to human error. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models, offer the potential to automate the extraction of structured data from unstructured clinical documentation with improved efficiency and consistency. OBJECTIV...

From single targets to circuits diversified discovery and development strategies towards new paradigms for non-opioid analgesics.

The long-term use of opioids for analgesia is associated with serious adverse effects such as addiction and respiratory depression, as well as a potential increased risk of all-cause mortality, necessitating the development of safer alternative therapies. This review systematically elaborates on the latest advances in non-opioid analgesic research, covering diverse target strategies ranging from p...

A predictive tool incorporating frailty scores for perioperative risk assessment in patients with spinal metastasis: a national retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment for spinal metastases is associated with high perioperative risk due to tumor burden, neurologic compromise, and limite...

Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstruction: Current Landscape and Emerging Technologies.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize contemporary developments in head and neck oncologic free flap reconstruction, with emphasis on perioperative physiologic opt...

Reply to "Comments on: 'Pre-anesthesia pleth variability index and perfusion index for predicting post-induction hypotension in elderly surgical patients: a cohort study'".

Pupil-DLC: an open-source deep learning pipeline for scalable, marker-less tracking of pupil dynamics across conscious and unconscious states.

BACKGROUND: Pupil diameter is a non-invasive biomarker of brain state, correlating with arousal, attention, cognitive processing, and consciousness. H...

Perioperative prediction of adnexal malignancy by an interpretable machine learning model for guiding ovarian preservation in premenopausal endometrial cancer.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian preservation in premenopausal patients with endometrial cancer remains challenging due to the potential presence of concurrent adn...

Retrospective Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Video Laryngoscope System for Tracheal Intubation in Infants and Neonates.

Explainable Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Postoperative Hypoxemia in Elderly Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia.

In order to predict the risk of postoperative hypoxemia in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia, this study developed, validated, and interp...

Sedation in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Pathophysiological Basis and Evidence for Commonly Used Agents.

Sedation is frequently required in the acute management of ischemic stroke (AIS), yet its potential to influence secondary brain injury and systemic c...

Artificial intelligence assisted telemedicine, clinical decision support for anesthesia and critical care in intensive care units: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly used in care delivery in intensive care units (ICUs) and anesthesia-critical care pract...

Technical and clinical feasibility of single-use gastroscopy with real-time AI-based quality monitoring and single-use colonoscopy: a prospective two-center study.

BACKGROUND: Single-use gastrointestinal endoscopes eliminate the need for post-procedure reprocessing and have become an area of interest in endoscopi...

Exploring Ambient Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Learning and Feedback During Operating Room-to-Intensive Care Unit Handoffs: Co-Design and Simulation Study.

BACKGROUND: Operating room (OR)-to-intensive care unit (ICU) handoffs are among the most complex and high-risk communication events in perioperative c...

An adaptive attention U-network for recognizing ultrasound images.

ObjectiveThe traditional method of intraspinal anesthesia relies on surface anatomical landmarks for positioning, which is associated with a low accur...

Advances in Remote Monitoring Technology Applications in Anesthesia: A Narrative Review.

The swift progress of digital and sensor technologies is hastening the incorporation of remote monitoring into anesthesiology. While several reviews h...

Early metabolic trajectory and sedation strategy in V-V ECMO for severe pneumonia: a multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Prognostic assessment in patients with severe pneumonia requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) has tradition...

Machine Learning-Based Identification and Ranking of Mortality Predictors After Hip Fracture Surgery: An Analysis of the Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry.

BACKGROUND: Hip fractures are a major global health issue with high mortality and morbidity, especially in older adults. One-year mortality post-surge...

Protective Effects of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Components on Postoperative Paralytic Ileus: A Double Machine Learning Analysis of 7,409 Colonic Resections.

INTRODUCTION: The evidence regarding which perioperative factors contribute to postoperative ileus (POI) is limited. Even within a multiple interventi...

Development and external validation of a lightweight, explainable clinical decision support system for personalized perioperative risk stratification using electronic health records.

Late-preoperative risk stratification after final surgical scheduling may support perioperative risk communication, monitoring escalation, and resourc...

Development of high-precision automated dynamic plantar aesthesiometer (ADPA): a promising tool in pain research.

Chronic pain is a severe burden affecting 20% of the population worldwide. To develop novel analgesics, in vivo preclinical assessment of the pain thr...