Anesthesiology

Developmental brain age gap in prematurity and postnatally emerging delay in congenital heart disease

Brain development follows a precisely regulated biological timetable, with defined periods of vulnerability increasingly recognized in congenital disorders affecting early brain development. This biological timing can be captured by the emerging concept of brain age, a measure of brain maturation, enabling the detection of deviation from normative developmental trajectories. Clinical conditions af...

Context-Aware Emergency Department Triage Using Pairwise Comparisons and Bradley-Terry Aggregation

Objective: To evaluate a ranking approach for emergency department (ED) waiting room prioritization that uses pairwise clinical comparisons aggregated via a Bradley-Terry model, and to assess its cross-site stability without site-specific training. Materials and Methods: Using the Multimodal Clinical Monitoring in the Emergency Department (MC-MED) dataset (118,385 ED visits, Site A), we defined a ...

Real-Time Glottis Detection Framework via Spatial-decoupled Feature Learning for Nasal Transnasal Intubation

Nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is a vital procedure in emergency airway management, where rapid and accurate glottis detection is essential to ensure p...

Trustworthy personalized treatment selection: causal effect-trees and calibration in perioperative medicine

Background Personalized medicine promises to tailor treatments to the individual, but it carries a hidden risk: mistaking statistical noise for action...

Evaluating the AI Potential as a Safety Net for Diagnosis: A Novel Benchmark of Large Language Models in Correcting Diagnostic Errors

Background: Diagnostic errors are a leading cause of preventable patient harm, often occurring during early clinical encounters where diagnostic uncer...

Plasticity and Language in the Anesthetized Human Hippocampus

Consciousness is a fundamental component of cognition,1 but the degree to which higher-order pattern recognition relies on it remains disputed.2,3 Her...

Detector-in-the-Loop Tracking: Active Memory Rectification for Stable Glottic Opening Localization

Temporal stability in glottic opening localization remains challenging due to the complementary weaknesses of single-frame detectors and foundation-mo...

On Safer Reinforcement Learning Policies for Sedation and Analgesia in Intensive Care

Pain management in intensive care usually involves complex trade-offs between therapeutic goals and patient safety, since both inadequate and excessiv...

Pupil-DLC: an open-source deep learning pipeline for scalable, markerless tracking of pupil dynamics across conscious and unconscious states

Pupil diameter provides a powerful, non-invasive biomarker of brain state, correlating with arousal, attention, cognitive processing, and level of con...

External Validation of an Algorithm to Guide Opioid Administration at the End of Surgery-Protocol for an Observational Cohort Study of the OPIAID Algorithm.

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in pain management, inadequate pain relief and opioid-related adverse events remain common challenges in perioperative ca...

Identification and designing an analgesic opioid cyclic peptide from Defensin 4 of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch scorpion venom with more effectiveness than morphine.

Considering the limitations of use and side effects of existing analgesics, the discovery of new analgesics is necessary. Venoms of organisms are an i...

Emerging Technology and the Future of Perioperative Care: Perspectives and Recommendations From the 2023 Stoelting Conference of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation.

Anesthesiology has a longstanding commitment to patient safety, characterized by innovative research, quality improvement, multidisciplinary collabora...

BPD-Neo: An MRI Dataset for Lung-Trachea Segmentation with Clinical Data for Neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication among preterm neonates, with portable X-ray imaging serving as the standard diagnostic mod...

A Spatial Metabolomics Annotation Workflow Leveraging Cyclic Ion Mobility and Machine Learning-Predicted Collision Cross Sections.

In nontargeted spatial metabolomics, accurate annotation is crucial for understanding metabolites' biological roles and spatial patterns. MS mass spec...

Chinese acupoint therapies in cancer pain management: research advances and future perspectives.

Cancer pain management (CPM) is crucial in oncology care, with current approaches including pharmacotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, nerve blocks,...

Three pillars of artificial intelligence research in anesthesiology: welcoming address to the Korean Journal of Anesthesiology's new guidelines for machine learning and deep learning research.

Optimizing predictive model performance in adult spinal deformity surgery: a comparative head-to-head analysis of learning models for perioperative complications.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop and compare 4 predictive algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), gradient ...

Assessing bias in AI-driven psychiatric recommendations: A comparative cross-sectional study of chatbot-classified and CANMAT 2023 guideline for adjunctive therapy in difficult-to-treat depression.

The integration of chatbots into psychiatry introduces a novel approach to support clinical decision-making, but biases in their recommendations pose ...

Multimodal Forecasting of Sparse Intraoperative Hypotension Events Powered by Language Model

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) frequently occurs under general anesthesia and is strongly linked to adverse outcomes such as myocardial injury and...

Multimodal Forecasting of Sparse Intraoperative Hypotension Events Powered by Language Model

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) frequently occurs under general anesthesia and is strongly linked to adverse outcomes such as myocardial injury and...