Atherosclerosis

Deep-learning denoising for ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector CT: phantom and in vivo evaluation of non-calcified coronary plaques.

To assess the value of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based denoising for the evaluation of non-calcified coronary plaques on ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD) coronary CT angiography (CCTA). A dynamic phantom containing lipid-rich and fibrotic plaques with 50%-diameter stenosis (PDS) was scanned on PCD-CT under varying conditions. For in-vivo imaging, consecutive patie...

Atrial myopathy subtypes: Association with and prediction of incident atrial fibrillation-The atherosclerosis risk in communities study (ARIC).

BACKGROUND: Atrial myopathy is a heterogeneous condition associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to identify atrial myopathy subtypes using unsupervised machine learning and assess their association with incident AF. METHODS: We analyzed 1414 ARIC participants with atrial myopathy, defined by left atrial reservoir strain, and no prevalent AF. Using LASSO for selection among 52 c...

Identification of therapeutic targets and postoperative recurrence prediction model construction for hepatocellular carcinoma based on systematic mendelian randomization.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high risk of postoperative recurrence. This study aimed to develop a transcriptome-bas...

Factors contributing to the missed diagnosis of incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC): an integrated analysis of clinical features and ultrasound radiomics.

BACKGROUND: Incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) is often diagnosed only during or after cholecystectomy, and preoperative identification remains chal...

C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index as a novel biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus association in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)...

Beyond stenosis: Can artificial intelligence redefine stroke risk assessment in contrast-enhanced carotid ultrasound?

Artificial Intelligence in Vascular Surgery: Translating Innovation into Clinical Practice: A Narrative Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping modern medicine, with expanding applications in vascular surgery ranging from diagnostic imaging and...

Prevalence and burden of coronary artery disease in young adults undergoing clinically indicated coronary CT angiography.

BACKGROUND: The reported prevalence and burden of coronary artery disease in young adults varies markedly in published studies from the 1950s through ...

Personalized antiplatelet therapy: are we ready for a precision medicine approach.

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), combining aspirin with a P2Y12 inhibitor, remains central to secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome and ...

Targeting the Gut-Heart Axis in Atherosclerosis: Microbial Metabolites, Molecular Mechanisms, and Precision Therapeutics.

Despite advances in lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory medications, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) continues to be the leading cause...

AI-Driven Advances in Vascular Aging Research: From Mechanisms to Precision Medicine.

Vascular aging is a fundamental contributor to the development of chronic diseases and has emerged as a critical focus in biomedical research. With th...

Current Advances and Navigating the Complexities of SVG-PCI.

Saphenous vein graft (SVG) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains technically challenging and clinically high risk due to the friable, throm...

Vascular reprogramming in cancer: engineering the tumor microenvironment.

Tumor vasculature has traditionally been viewed as structurally and functionally abnormal and, therefore, is primarily targeted for inhibition. Howeve...

Computational intelligence using nailfold videocapillaroscopy for the prediction of carotid intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort-based study.

Despite continuously evolving medical advances, CVD risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) remains paradoxically high to date. Carotid intima-media thickne...

Multi-omics integration identifies macrophage senescence driven by the RUNX1-P53 axis as a key mechanism in diabetic foot ulcer.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a severe complication of diabetes, characterized by chronic inflammation and impaired healing. Although cellular and immu...

A study to measure the utility of an AI-enhanced reporting tool in assisting busy CCTA readers with REPORT generation (SMART-REPORT).

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if an integrated structured reporting (SR) tool incorporating results from artificial intelligence (AI) enabled...

Carotid inflammation on FDG-PET is associated with lower cognitive performance in people with treated HIV infection.

OBJECTIVES: Carotid atherosclerosis is an established risk factor for cognitive impairment. FDG-PET detects subtle inflammatory changes in the arteria...

Machine learning ensemble reveals distinct molecular pathways of retinal damage in spaceflown mice.

Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) poses significant ocular health risks in long-duration missions, yet its molecular mechanisms rema...

Multi-omics and metabolic flux modeling reveal that macrophage CYP27A1-derived 26-hydroxycholesterol drives immunosuppression and cancer malignancy.

Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant cholesterol metabolism in macrophages plays a role in tumorigenesis, however, how specific metabolites relea...

Preoperative Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Predicts Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation Failure.

INTRODUCTION: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure remains a major obstacle for hemodialysis, yet its underlying molecular drivers are poorl...