Atherosclerosis

Streetview greenspace types and dementia risk in older adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Greenspace has been associated with lower dementia risk but most studies have used satellite-derived measures that cannot distinguish vegetation types. We used Street View-based metrics of greenspace from an on-the-ground perspective to examine greenspace types that may be relevant for dementia risk. METHODS: We followed 6761 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis,...

Combinations of single gene predictors with AI-driven polygenic precision therapies in cardiovascular diseases.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is transforming how we treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) by enabling us to select and dose drugs based on our genetic profiles. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of commonly prescribed cardiovascular drugs are greatly affected by gene-drug interactions, which improve the therapeutic outcome and reduce adverse drug reactions. This narrative review will summarize evid...

Hybrid vision transformer and ensemble machine learning framework for automated atherosclerotic plaque classification in intravascular ultrasound imaging.

Atherosclerotic plaque classification in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging is crucial for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment plannin...

Deciphering the potential molecular links between ochratoxin A and colorectal cancer: an integrated computational toxicological and single-cell transcriptomic study.

BACKGROUND: Ochratoxin A (OTA), a common foodborne mycotoxin, is classified as a potential human carcinogen. However, the specific molecular mechanism...

The emerging role of coronary computed tomography for prevention of cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic individuals.

The persistent global rise in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) challenges the effectiveness of current risk factor-based algorithms in p...

A quarter-century of progress: innovations in lipid medicine that transformed cardiovascular prevention.

This TimeCapsule reviews the major transformations in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease prevention during the first quarter of the 21st cent...

High-risk carotid plaque detection using a novel radio-morphometric analysis of the carotid bifurcation.

Current surgical eligibility criteria for the treatment of carotid artery disease, primary relying on stenosis and image plaque characteristics, are s...

Association of the CHG Index with the onset, progression, and prognosis of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: findings from two large prospective cohorts.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents a composite disease state driven by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation. T...

No-reflow phenomenon during percutaneous coronary intervention: Contemporary insights into mechanisms, prediction, and management.

No-reflow phenomenon remains a common and prognostically adverse complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), characterized by impaired m...

Integrated multi-omics and experimental validation reveal CSK and FBLN1 as key targets of stanozolol in accelerating atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Stanozolol, a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) widely abused to enhance performance, has poorly defined toxicological mechanism...

ACADM-mediated fatty acid β-oxidation pathway in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Atherosclerosis (AS) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are both metabolism-associated vascular diseases, yet the role of lipid ...

Deep Multi-Task Attention Network for Automated, Reproducible Quantification of Carotid Plaque Burden in Ultrasound Imaging.

Carotid atherosclerotic plaque burden is a well-established biomarker of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular risk, yet its quantitative assessment from...

Development, internal testing, and external validation of an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting imaging-confirmed in-hospital postoperative deep vein thrombosis in older patients with patellar fractures.

BACKGROUND: Older patients with patellar fractures may be at increased risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) because of trauma, perioperati...

An explainable machine learning method for identifying key atherogenic lipid biomarkers in abdominal obesity among the Southern Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Abdominal obesity (AO) significantly contributes to cardiometabolic diseases and poses an increasing public health challenge. Composite li...

Street view-based exposure to greenspace and mortality: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Higher exposure to greenspace has been associated with reduced mortality rates in predominantly White samples. However, the specific contribution of d...

Multi-omics analysis identifies CD48 and ITIH5 as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders associated with obesity.

BACKGROUND: Obesity-driven metabolic disorders involve pathological remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT), wherein fibroblasts coordinate fibrosis ...

VAV3 is associated with atherosclerosis and ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunctional remodeling.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke and is characterized by complex immune-metabolic dysregulation. VAV3, a Rho guanine nu...

Diagnostic performance of machine learning models versus established risk stratification for intracranial aneurysm rupture: a systematic review and bivariate meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) models have been proposed to improve the discrimination of intracranial aneurysm rupture status beyond established c...

A Synthetic Data-Augmented Deep Learning Framework for Robust Segmentation and Quantification of the Carotid Artery in Ultrasound Images.

OBJECTIVE: To address the severe limitation imposed by the scarcity of annotated data on deep learning-based automated segmentation of the carotid art...

Prognostic value of AI-enabled quantitative coronary CT angiography for major adverse cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-enabled quantitative coronary computed tomography angiography (AI-QCCTA) offers automated assessment of coronary p...