Atherosclerosis

Comparative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence-Based Quantification versus Visual Rating of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Cohort.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS) are fluid-filled spaces surrounding small cerebral vessels. Current PVS research has been limited by the absence of efficient and scalable quantification tools. We compared visual ratings versus artificial intelligence (AI)-based quantification in identifying associations of PVS with vascular risk factors and cognitive performance. MATERIA...

Development and External Validation of a Deep Learning Model to Predict Mortality in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using Admission Computed Tomography.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Traditional prognostication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage depends on subjective clinical grading and radiological scoring systems that exhibit inter-rater variability and require multiple variables, hampering clinical adoption. We aimed to develop and externally validate a fully automated deep learning (DL) model predicting 90-day mortality exclusively from ad...

Leveraging routine clinical data for dementia risk prediction using machine learning.

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of dementia is essential for enabling timely interventions that may slow disease progression, improve patient outcomes, and ...

A Datasheet for the INSIGHT Moorfields Cornea Anterior Segment Dataset (CADMUS).

PURPOSE: To describe Cornea Anterior Segment Dataset from Moorfields via INSIGHT (CADMUS), a large multimodal anterior segment imaging dataset develop...

Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit as a temporal driver in Alzheimer's pathogenesis.

Extensive studies have shown that cerebrovascular dysfunction is a critical factor in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neurovasc...

FOSL2 regulates endothelial cell state and chromatin accessibility in systemic sclerosis pulmonary vascular remodeling.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy affecting the skin and internal organs, leading to multiorgan dysfunction. Inju...

Plaque-Level Machine Learning Prediction of Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Carotid Arteries Using Computed Tomography Angiography.

BACKGROUND: Carotid artery plaques, especially those with intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), are significant contributors to ischemic stroke. Although high...

Key factors of the deranged antiviral response in elderly patients with COVID-19: a machine-learning analysis.

Age is a well-known risk factor to develop severe viral respiratory infections, including severe COVID-19. This study aimed to identify the biological...

Prevalence of Lipoprotein(a) Testing in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Within a Large Australian Cardiology Network.

BACKGROUND: Increased lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is a genetically determined causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Histor...

Single-Cell Profiling Identifies CLEC5A+ Macrophages as Key Drivers of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Via CCL5-Mediated M1 Polarization.

BACKGROUND: Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening disease with limited therapeutic options, largely due to an incomplete understanding ...

Deep learning-based early prediction of carotid plaque response to lipid-lowering therapy using longitudinal multimodal ultrasound imaging.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning prediction model using longitudinal multimodal ultrasound imaging for early identi...

Risk prediction models for incident heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of patients at risk of heart failure (HF) provides opportunities for preventative management. Though models have been...

Detection of calcified plaques: comparison between coronary CT angiography and thin-slice non-contrast CT with deep learning-aided image registration.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether coronary CT angiography (CCTA) misses calcified plaques detected by thin-slice non-contrast CT (NCCT). MATERIALS AN...

Coronary Computed Tomography and Artificial Intelligence-based Plaque Analysis.

Multimodal imaging in left main and bifurcation revascularization: contemporary evidence and comparative modalities review.

Left main (LM) and bifurcation coronary artery disease (CAD) are anatomically complex lesions which require detailed planning and precise execution fo...

Molecular Biomarkers and Risk Prediction Models for Acute Kidney Injury Following Liver Transplantation: A Review.

Liver transplantation is the definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease; however, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 30%-70% of rec...

Comparative Evaluation of 3D-QALAS Myelin Volume Fraction, Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer, and Myelin Water Fraction.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Accurate in vivo quantification of myelin remains challenging despite advances in MRI. We evaluated three-dimensional syntheti...

Prevalent vertebral fracture (PVFx) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) independently predict incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events in older men.

PURPOSE: To estimate the associations of prevalent vertebral fracture (PVFx) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) with incident ASCVD (myocardial ...

STC2-mediated calcium homeostasis dysregulation in the osteosarcoma microenvironment: Insights from single-cell sequencing and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone malignancy with a poor prognosis. Dysregulated calcium homeostasis may contribute to OS progressio...

Deep learning for carotid Doppler spectra classification.