Atherosclerosis

Coronary artery segmentation in non-contrast calcium scoring CT images using deep learning.

Precise localization of coronary arteries in Computed Tomography (CT) scans is critical from the perspective of medical assessment of various heart pathologies. Although manifold methods exist that offer high-quality segmentation of coronary arteries in cardiac contrast-enhanced CT scans, the potential of less invasive, non-contrast CT is still not fully exploited. Since such fine anatomical struc...

Inaccurate information regarding cardiovascular disease prevention enabled by generative artificial intelligence.

Inaccurate information regarding cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention is prevalent on the internet and may influence medical decisions. Artificial intelligence "bots" are present on the internet and may be used for medical questions. This physician-led experiment evaluated the generation of inaccurate CVD information on two widely used generative artificial intelligence (genAI) models, namely O...

Machine Learning-Enhanced Hyperspectral Raman Imaging for Label-Free Molecular Atlas of Alzheimer's Brain.

Label-free molecular imaging that enables the construction of a molecular atlas of biological tissues is vital for understanding complex physiological...

Exosome-related lactylation gene signature defines diagnostic biomarkers of periodontitis through integrative bulk and single-cell transcriptomics.

BACKGROUND: Exosomes and lactylation modification have been increasingly recognized as key regulators of diseases, yet their integrative role in perio...

RFDNet: Robust Frequency-Based Denoising Network for 3D Ultrasound Vascular Imaging Using a Row-Column Addressed Array.

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound vascular imaging (UVI) is essential for visualizing complex vascular structures. Row-column addressed (RCA) arrays, ...

Sustainable MXene-based wearable sensor reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose for human motion monitoring in subzero environments with integrated machine learning.

Flexible sensors encounter significant challenges in subzero temperatures, including mechanical fragility, signal instability, and environmental susta...

Use of artificial intelligence-assisted measurement of aortic diameter in clinical decision making about abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

OBJECTIVES: Decisions to perform abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair are dependent on aneurysm size, but variation in size measurement leads to inc...

Development and validation of a machine learning model to predict functional outcomes in patients with recent small subcortical infarction.

OBJECTIVE: A substantial proportion of patients (12 %-25 %) with recent small subcortical infarction (RSSI) suffer poor functional outcomes at 3 month...

Comparison of Different Machine Learning Methods in Prediction of Long-Term Survival After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair.

PurposeLong-term survival after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm remains a clinical concern, particularly in elderly ...

Protector role of muscle quality against diabetes in non-elderly U.S. adults.

BACKGROUND: Since 1980, the number of people with diabetes has doubled globally, a figure expected to reach 783 million by 2045. The Muscle Quality In...

Combining network pharmacology, machine learning, molecular docking, molecular simulation dynamics and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of Zhenwu decoction in treating major depression through TNF-α pathways.

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychophysiological condition characterized by cognitive decline, low energy, weight loss, ins...

Refining Sleep-Disordered Breathing Annotations Across Multiple Public Sleep Study Datasets.

Polysomnography annotations in Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS), Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS), and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis ...

Deep Learning-Based Denoising for High-Resolution Carotid Vessel Wall MRI Using Standard Neurovascular Coils.

PURPOSE: To develop a deep learning (DL) denoising method to enhance high-resolution carotid vessel wall MRI quality acquired using a standard head-an...

Exploring Patients' Profiles Associated With the Resolution of Acute Calcium Pyrophosphate Arthritis Treated With Colchicine and Prednisone: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to identify factors determining acute arthritis resolution and safety with colchicine and prednisone in acute calcium pyr...

Targeting High-Risk Populations for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening: A Sex-Stratified Analysis in an Ethnicity Diverse Cohort Incorporating Machine Learning Tools.

BACKGROUND: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is usually asymptomatic, but rupture carries up to 90% mortality. Ultrasound screening reduces rupture-rel...

Bayesian selection of lipidome dynamics features for a K-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier model of tumor response in patients with advanced gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma undergoing systemic treatment.

BACKGROUND: Dysregulated lipid metabolism is common in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. This study investigated the ability of plasma lipid...

Progress in constitutive modeling of arterial wall tissue mechanics: from theoretical frameworks to clinical application.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the mechanical behavior of arterial wall tissue (AWT) is central to its in...

Accuracy of fully automated iliac artery tortuosity measurements in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm using deep learning.

OBJECTIVE: To externally validate the accuracy of deep learning-based iliac artery tortuosity assessment (PRAEVAorta 2, Bordeaux, France) in computed ...

Optimising Sleep Stage Detection Using a Minimal Non-EEG Physiological Signal Set and Deep Learning.

Automatic sleep stage classification is essential for enabling non-invasive, at-home monitoring. However, current methods often rely on electroencepha...

Consensus machine learning identifies cell death gene signature for carotid artery stenosis diagnosis.

Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is a major contributor to ischemic stroke, and molecular tools for its early detection remain limited. To address this n...