Brain Cancer

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Spinal Metastases: Outcomes and Development of a Risk Assessment Score to Predict Local Tumor Progression.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as an effective treatment modality for spinal metastases. However, high-powered studies evaluating clinical and radiographic outcomes, and prognostic risk factors for local tumor progression (LTP), remain underreported. The objective of this study was to evaluate local tumor control, adverse radiation effects, pain respon...

Detecting Distant Metastases in Prostate Cancer Using Whole-body MR Imaging Together with DWIBS (Diffusion-weighted Imaging with Background Body Signal Suppression).

Whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) has evolved over the past 2 decades as a noninvasive imaging technique for detecting distant metastases in prostate cancer. Since the introduction of diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression by Takahara et al. in 2004, its clinical use has expanded rapidly, particularly in the detection of bone metastases. WB-MRI offers whole-body coverage without ...

mRNA-based cancer vaccines: A new frontier in personalized immunotherapy.

The advancement of mRNA technology has rejuvenated the cancer treatment immunotherapy field by providing a flexible and scalable platform to generate ...

The role of clinical competency-based education in training in radiation science: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Clinical competency-based education (CBE) has emerged as a critical strategy to enhance workforce readiness in radiation sciences. Despite...

Artificial intelligence in neurology practice: promise, perils, and a roadmap for responsible integration.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in neurology, offering unprecedented potential to enhance diagnostic precision, str...

A genetically optimized physics-informed neural network for multiphysics modeling of magnetic hyperthermia in brain cancer.

Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) in glioblastoma requires accurate modeling of nanoparticle transport and heat deposition across highly heterogeneo...

Regulatory mechanisms and functional analysis of cellular senescence-associated genes GAPDH, CCND1, and HBEGF in the immune microenvironment of meningioma.

Minimally invasive spine surgery: current advantages, limitations, and future directions.

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS), supported by advancements in endoscopic systems, tubular retractors, lateral access corridors, image-guided n...

CT acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening: implications for guideline development from a worldwide survey.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the currently applied CT image acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening (LCS) and thereby fill a knowledge gap to support ...

Zero Echo Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spine.

Zero echo time magnetic resonance imaging is an ultrashort echo time technique that enables computed tomography-like visualization of cortical and tra...

Optimizing material composition determination in dual-energy computed tomography: a comparative study of a linear model and a fully connected neural network.

Accurate elemental decomposition in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is crucial for precision in radiation therapy planning. We present a compar...

Improving visibility of small anatomical details on low and ultra-low dose computed tomography with artificial intelligence-based image reconstructions.

To assess how computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction techniques affect perceived diagnostic image quality at varying radiation dose levels in c...

Functional-based multi-omics early prediction of radiation pneumonitis in NSCLC using AI-generated perfusion and ventilation from planning CT.

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a functional-based multi-omics model for early prediction of radiation pneumonitis (RP) by extracting radiomic and...

Hulled Rice or husk? Synchrotron radiation XRF and deep learning approach for the determination of the geographical origin of Chinese rice samples.

Accurate authentication of rice geographical origin is crucial for food safety and fraud prevention. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF)...

MuTriM: A multiscale deep learning model integrating longitudinal radiomics and pathomic features for predicting recurrence and adjuvant radiation benefit in breast cancer.

PURPOSE: We present MuTriM, a multimodal deep learning model integrating DCE-MRI and whole-slide pathology to predict survival and radiation benefit i...

Olfactomedin 1 acts as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma: integrated analysis and mechanistic prediction.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis, yet its molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Olfactomedin 1 (OL...

Integrative computational pipeline for the in silico prioritization of potential KIF11-targeting drug candidates in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor of the central nervous system and remains associated with poor prognosis. Alt...

Discovery of a new binding site and a possible gain in neomorphic activity in R132H_IDH1.

In the Krebs cycle, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) catalyses the conversion of isocitrate (ICT) to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), generating nicotinamide ...

Assessment Tools of Radiation Skin Injury in Head and Neck Cancer: A Narrative Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.

Radiation skin injury (RSI) is an unavoidable side effect of radiotherapy that delays the treatment process and affects patients' quality of life. How...

IDH enzyme inhibition in cancer therapy: mechanisms, mutational insights, and effects of IDH inhibitors in glioma, acute myeloid leukemia and chondrosarcoma.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes have recently emerged as a highly promising target for therapeutic intervention in cancer treatment. Mutations ...