Oncology/Hematology

Breast Cancer

Latest AI and machine learning research in breast cancer for healthcare professionals.

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Understanding Human AI Discrepancy in Breast Cancer TIL Assessment: A Multi-Rater and Perceptual Bias Study

Objective: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer are one of the most important indicators of the immune response within the tumor microenvironment. They play a particularly significant prognostic and predictive role in triple-negative and HER2-positive subtypes. However, substantial inter-observer variability has been reported in TIL scoring among pathologists, which limits its re...

Prognostic performance of an AI-based recurrence risk model in clinically low-risk HR+/HER2- early breast cancer

Objective Accurate prognostication of recurrence risk in HR+/HER2- early breast cancer is central for therapeutic decision-making, including identifying patients who may safely avoid adjuvant systemic therapy. However, the performance of existing prognostic tools remains insufficient for effective clinical stratification, motivating the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods to ...

A Foundation Model for the Cancer Genome

Cancer is a disease of the genome, in which somatic mutations and copy-number alterations determine tumour identity, clinical behaviour, and response ...

Deep Learning Spatial Profiling of CD103+CD8+ T Cells and Survival in Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy

Background: CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are established prognostic markers in colorectal cancer, yet the clinical significance of CD103...

Retrospective cohort study extracting coexisting background breast-lesion features from stage I-III invasive breast cancer

Background Background breast features are frequently noted in pathology reports alongside invasive breast cancer but rarely factor into prognosis or t...

Artificial intelligence-driven precision medicine identifies prognostic WNT pathway alterations in AA colorectal cancer patients treated with FOLFOX

Background: African Americans (AA) experience disproportionate burden of colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysregulation of the Wingless-related integration si...

A Bioprinted Head and Neck Cancer Organoid-Based Platform for Evaluating Multimodal Therapies

Treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often involves radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immun...

A quantitative proteomics dataset for assessment and prediction of low dose X-ray radiation exposure in mice.

Ionizing radiation induces molecular responses that may be used to estimate exposure when physical dosimeters are unavailable. Here we present two lar...

Transcript architecture predetermines m6A remodeling and sensory neuron vulnerability in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Whether individual transcripts carry intrinsic features that predetermine their response to external perturbations is unknown. Here we used nanopore d...

Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer from CT Baseline Using Multi-Loss Deep Learning

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy: around 60% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with an associated 5-year surviva...

May 14 2026 2605.14991v1
Cholesteryl Ester as a Prognostic Biomarker In IDH-wildtype Glioblastoma

Current treatment of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) relies on the first-line chemotherapy-temozolomide. Although MGMT methylation is routinely conduc...

Feature Dimensionality Outweighs Model Complexity in Breast Cancer Subtype Classification Using TCGA-BRCA Gene Expression Data

Accurate classification of breast cancer subtypes from gene expression data is critical for diagnosis and treatment selection. However, such datasets ...

May 7 2026 2605.06562v1
BRICKS: Compositional Neural Markov Kernels for Zero-Shot Radiation-Matter Simulation

We introduce a new strategy for compositional neural surrogates for radiation-matter interactions, a key task spanning domains from particle physics t...

May 7 2026 2605.06591v1
Metastatic Site Prediction in Breast Cancer using Kirchhoff's Law and Omics Knowledge Graph

Predicting the anatomical site of metastasis from a primary tumour remains an unsolved problem in breast cancer (BRCA) and metastatic disease more bro...

Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis for the Identification of Disease-Associated Variations and Prognostic Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits substantial molecular heterogeneity and lacks targeted receptor therapies. Single-omic appro...

Mechanistic learning to predict and understand minimal residual disease

Mechanistic modeling has long been used as a tool to describe the dynamics of biological systems, especially cancer in response to treatment. Their ke...

Recurrent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Chemotherapy Control under Partial Observability

Chemotherapy dose optimization can be formulated as a dynamic treatment regime, requiring sequential decisions under uncertainty that must balance tum...

May 4 2026 2605.02552v1
Virtual Scanning for NSCLC Histology: Investigating the Discriminatory Power of Synthetic PET

Accurate histological differentiation between adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is critical for personalized treatment in non-sma...

May 4 2026 2605.02746v1
Early prediction of skeletal muscle loss using longitudinal clinical data in patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy: a retrospective cohort study

Gastric cancer patients frequently experience skeletal muscle loss during the perioperative and adjuvant treatment period, which has been associated w...

CMGL: Confidence-guided Multi-omics Graph Learning for Cancer Subtype Classification

Motivation: Multi-omics integration can improve cancer subtyping, but modality informativeness and noise vary across cancer types and patients. Existi...

Apr 27 2026 2604.24201v1
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