Breast Cancer

CT scan range planning in clinical practice: An international survey of scan range extension, quality assurance, and AI integration.

INTRODUCTION: Computed tomography (CT) scan range planning is a modifiable determinant of radiation exposure but remains highly variable in clinical practice. This study aimed to characterize current practices, identify contributors to scan range extension, examine quality assurance mechanisms, and assess the availability and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted tools. METHODS: An internat...

Association between body composition and recurrence in stage II-III colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer death and prognostic factors are used to determine management. Patients with advanced disease often become cachectic, losing skeletal muscle mass and density, as well as subcutaneous fat. CT can be used to assess body composition by measuring skeletal muscle area, density and subcutaneous and visceral fat. We hypothesise that eviden...

Improved Deep Learning Segmentation of Pediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas After Treatment.

PURPOSE: To develop and validate a pediatric diffuse midline glioma (DMG) auto-segmentation tool optimized for longitudinal treatment response assessm...

Multiparametric MRI-Based Interpretable Machine Learning Radiomics Model for Predicting Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Sensitivity and Recurrence-Free Survival in Breast Cancer.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate an interpretable model using pretreatment multiparametric magnetic resonance imagin...

Attention-Guided TransMorph for Real-Time Tumor Tracking in Cine-MRI.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a key modality in cancer treatment, providing high soft tissue contrast for the visualization of tumors and intern...

Multimodal AI Methods for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response in Breast Cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can eliminate all invasive cancer in some breast cancer patients, achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) that i...

Precision Oncology via Radiotherapy-Triggered Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Molecular Engineering, and Clinical Translation.

Radiotherapy-triggered drug delivery systems (RDDS) promise to integrate the spatial precision of ionizing radiation with controllable pharmacological...

Radiolabeled drug-delivery and controlled-release nanocarriers for arthritis: Clinical evidence, kinetic modeling, radiation-safety challenges, and precision nanotheranostics.

BACKGROUND: Arthritis comprises a heterogeneous group of inflammatory and degenerative joint disorders characterized by distinct pathological mechanis...

Uncoupling Type I Interferon Benefits From Inflammatory Toxicity: Transformer-Prioritized Precision Agonists for Potent and Safer Cancer Immunotherapy.

Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy is constrained by an "immunomodulatory paradox," where antitumor Type I Interferon (IFN-I) activation is coupled with de...

Mesoporous-Shell Monolayer Plasmonic Architecture Enables Quantitative and Decision-Guided SERS.

Quantitative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has long been impeded by stochastic hotspot formation, signal instability, and limited chemica...

Artificial neural network prediction of nonlinear radiative heat transfer and entropy generation in tangent hyperbolic tetra hybrid nanofluid flow over a porous wedge.

An artificial neural network (ANN)-based surrogate modelling approach for forecasting entropy production and heat transfer properties in a tetra-hybri...

AI-Assisted Tumor Boundary Delineation via Targeted Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoprobe for High-Contrast HER2-Positive Tumor Imaging.

Breast cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women globally, where precise diagnosis and clear tumor demarcation are c...

HisToSpatialCNV: an interpretable deep learning method predicting spatial copy number variations from histopathology images.

Copy number variations (CNV) are key drivers of cancer progression, yet methods for predicting spatial CNVs directly from haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)...

Beyond robotics: a systematic review of technology integration in direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

Technology-assisted implant positioning has emerged as a strategy to improve component placement accuracy in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, th...

Microbiome-Driven Risk Stratification and Biotherapeutics in Radiation Enteritis.

Radiation enteritis (RE) is a severe, dose-limiting complication of cancer radiotherapy that affects the therapeutic outcomes of patients and their qu...

The Lymph Node Ratio as a Predictive Biomarker for Individualized Benefit from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort and Causal Machine Learning Study.

BACKGROUND: Optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for gastric cancer (GC) remains challenging due to patient heterogeneity. While the lymph node ratio...

Neoantigen in cancer immunotherapy: mechanism, therapeutic strategies and future perspectives.

Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens resulting from genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic changes, making them a promising avenue for personalized...

Integrative single-cell sequencing and machine learning analyses identify chronic inflammation and cancer-associated fibroblast subsets as drivers of adverse outcomes in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) often leaving residual fibroblast-enri...

Organ-at-risk contouring education in the era of AI-assisted practice: Insights from an Australian undergraduate radiation therapy program.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into radiation therapy workflows offers significant opportunities to improve effic...

Machine Learning-Guided Personalized Immunochemotherapy Strategies in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Immunochemotherapy (IO-chemo) has become standard care for patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), but b...