Cardiovascular

Convolutional Neural Network Using a Breast MRI Tumor Dataset Can Predict Oncotype Dx Recurrence Score.

BACKGROUND: Oncotype Dx is a validated genetic analysis that provides a recurrence score (RS) to quantitatively predict outcomes in patients who meet the criteria of estrogen receptor positive / human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (ER+/HER2-)/node negative invasive breast carcinoma. Although effective, the test is invasive and expensive, which has motivated this investigation to dete...

Knowledge-Based Planning for Identifying High-Risk Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy Treatment Plans for Lung Tumors Larger Than 5 cm.

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) for lung tumors ≥5 cm can be associated with more toxicity than that for smaller tumors. We investigated the relationship between dosimetry and toxicity and used a knowledge-based planning solution to retrospectively perform individualized treatment plan quality assurance (QA) with the aim of identifying where planning could have been im...

Automated prediction of dosimetric eligibility of patients with prostate cancer undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy using a convolutional neural network.

The quality of radiotherapy has greatly improved due to the high precision achieved by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Studies have been...

CeO Nanoparticles-Loaded pH-Responsive Microparticles with Antitumoral Properties as Therapeutic Modulators for Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive form of bone cancer mostly affecting young people. To date, the most effective strategy for the treatment of osteosarcom...

Development of a Ready-to-Use Graphical Tool Based on Artificial Neural Network Classification: Application for the Prediction of Late Fecal Incontinence After Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to apply artificial neural network (ANN) classification methods for the prediction of late fecal incontinence (LFI) a...

3-D Neural denoising for low-dose Coronary CT Angiography (CCTA).

CCTA has become an important tool for coronary arteries assessment in low and medium risk patients. However, it exposes the patient to significant rad...

Immunomarker Support Vector Machine Classifier for Prediction of Gastric Cancer Survival and Adjuvant Chemotherapeutic Benefit.

Current tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system cannot provide adequate information for prediction of prognosis and chemotherapeutic benefits. We ...

Abdominal, multi-organ, auto-contouring method for online adaptive magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy: An intelligent, multi-level fusion approach.

BACKGROUND: Manual contouring remains the most laborious task in radiation therapy planning and is a major barrier to implementing routine Magnetic Re...

Framework of Computer Aided Diagnosis Systems for Cancer Classification Based on Medical Images.

Early detection of cancer can increase patients' survivability and treatment options. Medical images such as Mammogram, Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance...

Exploratory analysis using machine learning to predict for chest wall pain in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chest wall toxicity is observed after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for peripherally located lung tumors. We util...

Drug response prediction by ensemble learning and drug-induced gene expression signatures.

Chemotherapeutic response of cancer cells to a given compound is one of the most fundamental information one requires to design anti-cancer drugs. Rec...

Assessment of Functional Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway Activity in Cancer Tissue Using Forkhead Box-O Target Gene Expression in a Knowledge-Based Computational Model.

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is commonly activated in cancer. Tumors are potentially sensitive to PI3K pathway inhibitors, but rel...

Development and Application of a Machine Learning Approach to Assess Short-term Mortality Risk Among Patients With Cancer Starting Chemotherapy.

IMPORTANCE: Patients with cancer who die soon after starting chemotherapy incur costs of treatment without the benefits. Accurately predicting mortali...

Predicting Post Neoadjuvant Axillary Response Using a Novel Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm.

OBJECTIVES: In the postneoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) setting, conventional radiographic complete response (rCR) is a poor predictor of pathologic com...

Artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: A specialty-wide disruptive transformation?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a technology with the power to transform established industries, and with applications from automated manu...

Adjuvant Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) in resected high-risk colon cancer patients - study protocol for the PIPAC-OPC3 Trial. A prospective, controlled phase 2 Study.

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is the second most common site of recurrence in colon cancer (CC) patients and accounts for approximately one-t...

Classification of Whole Mammogram and Tomosynthesis Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks.

Mammography is the most popular technology used for the early detection of breast cancer. Manual classification of mammogram images is a hard task bec...

MR-Only Brain Radiation Therapy: Dosimetric Evaluation of Synthetic CTs Generated by a Dilated Convolutional Neural Network.

PURPOSE: This work aims to facilitate a fast magnetic resonance (MR)-only workflow for radiation therapy of intracranial tumors. Here, we evaluate whe...

Quantitative nuclear histomorphometry predicts oncotype DX risk categories for early stage ER+ breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gene-expression companion diagnostic tests, such as the Oncotype DX test, assess the risk of early stage Estrogen receptor (ER) positive (...

Distinguishing True Progression From Radionecrosis After Stereotactic Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases With Machine Learning and Radiomics.

PURPOSE: Treatment effect or radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases is a common phenomenon often indistinguisha...