Cardiovascular

Low-dose CBCT image reconstruction: a review.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a critical imaging modality in various medical fields, yet its repeated use poses radiation risks to patients. Low-dose CBCT image reconstruction aims to mitigate these risks while preserving image quality, which is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the latest research progress in low-dose CBCT i...

The global epidemiology of acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive haematological malignancy with an incidence that increases with age and varies widely across regions owing to differences in risk factors, diagnostic capabilities, recording in cancer registries and access to health care. Despite improved outcomes over the past decade owing to the approvals of various novel therapies as well as improvements in support...

Unraveling the microbiome's role in breast cancer progression and treatment response.

The human microbiome, encompassing microbial communities in the gut and breast tissue, has emerged as a critical modulator of breast cancer (BC) initi...

Developing and Validating a Prediction Model for the Severe Pain-Fatigue-Sleep Disturbance Symptom Cluster in Patients with Lung Cancer Following Chemotherapy: A Machine Learning Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom (PFS) cluster is the most common symptom cluster in patients with lung cancer following chemotherap...

Precision treatment with artificial intelligence assisted subtyping enhances therapeutic efficacy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: The LINUXtrial.

We report the results of LINUX (NCT05594095), a multicenter, randomized, controlled phase II platform trial aiming to identify effective precision tre...

Application of machine learning to create a prediction model for the need of aggressive nutritional intervention during head & neck cancer radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Curative-intent radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently leads to mucosit...

3D Automated Segmentation of Bronchial Abnormalities on Ultrashort Echo Time MRI: A Quantitative MR Outcome in Cystic Fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) monitoring relies on computed tomography (CT), but ultra-short echo time MRI (UTE-MRI) offers a radiation-free altern...

Three-dimensional surface scanning for registration in stereotactic neurosurgery: a cadaveric feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE: Achieving submillimetric accuracy in stereotactic neurosurgery remains critical for safely targeting deep brain structures. Current workflo...

Molecular targeted therapies, omics, and AI based theranostics approaches for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Cancer is a disease that begins with genetic and epigenetic alterations occurring in specific cells, some of which can spread and migrate to other tis...

A Comparative, Multiobserver Analysis of Nodal Contouring Methods in Pelvic Online Cone Beam-Based Adaptive Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: In online cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based adaptive radiation therapy (ART), nodal recontouring ensures sufficient nodal coverage b...

Accuracy of Photon Dose Calculation on Photon-Counting Computed Tomography-A Comparison Study Based on Virtual Monoenergetic and Electron Density (Rho) Images for Pancreatic Cases.

PURPOSE: Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) offers versatile anatomic information because of better energy discrimination and higher spatial r...

Combined dual-phase CT radiomics and deep transfer learning model for oxaliplatin response in unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

OBJECTIVES: Accurate prediction of response to first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is critica...

HPCSMN: A Classification Method of Chemotherapy Sensitivity of Hypopharyngeal Cancer Based on Multimodal Network.

The treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer faces complex challenges, and accurate prediction of chemotherapy sensitivity is crucial for personalized treat...

Total-body [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging of healthy volunteers with minimal effective dose.

PURPOSE: High-sensitivity, total-body (TB) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) imaging systems enable substantial reductio...

Hopfield neural networks with diverse activation functions: impact of variable action gradients and electromagnetic radiation effects.

Activation functions and their variable gradient action are pivotal in bridging artificial neural networks with the dynamic behavior of biological neu...

Emerging trends in nuclear medicine: breakthrough in radiopharmaceuticals, Geant4 simulations, and AI integration.

Nuclear medicine has witnessed revolutionary progress, spurred by advances in radiopharmaceuticals, computational modeling, and artificial intelligenc...

Special AAO Report: Recommendations on Screening for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy (2025 Revision).

BACKGROUND: The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommendations on screening for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy are now a decade old. This rev...

Pathologic assessment of resected stage III non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: identification of additional prognostic factors.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery represent an ideal clinical set...

The Impact of Radiation Dose to Bowel on the Risk of Developing Gastrointestinal Toxicities When Treating Abdominopelvic Soft-Tissue Sarcomas With Preoperative Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: Abdominopelvic soft-tissue sarcomas (AP-STS) are selectively treated with radiation therapy (RT) followed by surgery. We investigated dosimet...

Flavonoid-modulated JAK-STAT signaling mitigates malignant transformation and drug resistance in breast tumors: A clinically relevant 3PM-guided innovation.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) treatment efficacy is often compromised by tumor cell plasticity and multidrug resistance of multi-factorial origin. Am...