Cardiovascular

Genetically predicted breastfeeding propensity and brain microstructural morphology: Insights from genome-wide association study summary statistics and neurogenomics.

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding provides nutrients and bioactive components relevant to infant development, but observational associations with brain outcomes may be influenced by socioeconomic, maternal, and family-level factors. Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a genetic framework for evaluating associations by using genetic variants as proxies for breastfeeding propensity; it does not directly mea...

Deep learning-based assessment of HER2-ultralow expression in breast cancer: a multi-center validation study across primary and metastatic lesions.

Accurate assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is foundational for targeted therapy in breast cancer (BC). The recent expansion of treatment eligibility to include HER2-ultralow poses a significant diagnostic challenge due to poor inter-observer reproducibility. We developed and validated a whole-slide image (WSI)-based deep learning (DL) model to standardize the...

AI Risk Prediction Tools for Autologous Breast Reconstruction.

BACKGROUND: Autologous breast reconstruction offers patients a durable and natural-appearing option after mastectomy. However, complication risks incl...

Overcoming therapeutic resistance in biliary tract cancer: from resistance mechanisms to dynamic precision oncology - a narrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a biologically heterogeneous and highly aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options and poor su...

Chemical-Sensing Catheters for Long-Term and Personalized Therapeutic Management.

Long-term intravenous catheterization is vital for delivering chemotherapy to cancer patients and parenteral nutrition to those with intestinal failur...

DEGRO consensus framework for undergraduate radiation therapy teaching in Germany: a white paper with integrated guidance on artificial intelligence in medical education.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Undergraduate medical education is increasingly competency-based, digital, and interprofessional in accordance with the Nation...

Identification and functional validation of lipid droplet-associated prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer via integrative multi-omics and machine learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: Lipid droplet (LD)-associated metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in breast cancer progression and immune modulation, yet robust...

Verification of the impact of differences between objective and subjective evaluation methods on the interpretation of artificial intelligence systems generating mammogram reports using vision-language model.

PURPOSE: Research on vision-language models (VLMs) in the medical field has recently increased. However, while multifaceted evaluation is necessary to...

Utilizing machine learning to identify multimodal signatures for patients who would benefit from the addition of tremelimumab to durvalumab and chemotherapy (TRIDENT).

PURPOSE: POSEIDON (NCT03164616) was a randomized, open-label, multicenter phase 3 trial comparing first-line durvalumab with or without tremelimumab i...

Impact of a silver filter with deep learning reconstruction on noncontrast abdominopelvic MDCT in terms of image quality, density values and radiation dose reduction.

INTRODUCTION: To assess how the use of a silver beam filtration with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) impacts the unenhanced abdominopelvic CT in te...

Keratin gene expression signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Keratins (KRTs) are intermediate filament proteins expressed in epithelial cells and serve as diagnostic cancer biomarkers. They serve pivotal roles i...

Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer: An Updated Review.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of breast cancer, particularly for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet primary and acqu...

Deep learning approaches for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy is the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), yet treatment respons...

Redefining breast cancer: therapeutic opportunities in HER2-low and emerging molecular subtypes.

Breast cancer classification has undergone significant evolution; however, the long-standing binary model distinguishing HER2-positive from HER2-negat...

A bladder cancer-associated gene signature for exploratory qPCR-based survival stratification in NAC-Treated muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy with limited biomarkers to guide patient stratificatio...

[Optimized regional lymph node management after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer].

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has strengthened systemic control in breast cancer and promoted precision de-escalation of axillary management. For clinical...

UMCA-Net: Uncertainty-aware multi-stage cross-attention for cost-aware multi-omics data classification.

Multi-omics data integration holds great promise for precision medicine, yet its clinical adoption is hindered by high acquisition costs and the compl...

Validating the Utility of Super-Resolution for Downstream Tasks in Periapical Films.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Periapical radiography is widely used in dental practice, but its diagnostic yield is often compromised by motion artefacts, se...

Interpretable machine learning for cardiovascular disease risk prediction in cancer survivors: development and internal validation.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern among cancer survivors. However, the intersection of cancer and CVD has only recently gain...

Artificial intelligence (AI) uses in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS): diagnosis with brain metastasis (BM) - A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases (BM) are the most common intracranial tumors in adults, and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become a mainstay of mana...