Chemotherapy

What's next for VI-RADS? Updates and future perspectives from the ACR VI-RADS steering committee.

Since the introduction of the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS), MRI has become an important imaging modality in the management of patients with bladder cancer. Its excellent diagnostic performance for determining muscle invasion in bladder cancer has been supported by numerous prospective and retrospective studies. Nevertheless, there needs to be continued improvement of the dia...

AI-MIRACLE: Artificial Intelligence and MultIpaRAmetric MRI Predict CLinical OutcomEs to Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Undergoing Radical Cystectomy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neoadjuvant immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) were tested in patient's ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The PURE-01 trial (NCT02736266) evaluated three courses of pembrolizumab before radical cystectomy (RC). We developed AI-MIRACLE, an international study assessing artificial intelligence (AI) and multiparametric mag...

A multimodal interpretable deep learning-radiomics framework for predicting lymph node metastasis following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicenter validation study.

Accurate assessment of lymph node metastasis (LNM) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) presents a significant clinical challenge and is ess...

KRT6A derived from mesenchymal stem cells as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for alopecia areata: insights from multi-omics analysis and experimental evidence.

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secretome have shown promise in the treatment of alopecia areata (AA). However, the key therapeutic genes re...

Platinum-based high-entropy alloys for electrocatalysis: preparation, applications and prospects.

Platinum-based high-entropy alloys (Pt-HEAs), composed of multiple principal elements in near-equiatomic ratios, have emerged as a transformative clas...

KRASG12V/A146T mutations are associated with nCRT resistance via enhanced DNA double-strand break repair and support a deep learning prediction framework in LARC.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), yet clinically validated biomark...

Colorectal cancer sidedness: prognostic implications and the predictive role of artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a biologically heterogeneous disease in which tumor sidedness has emerged as a relevant prognostic factor. Conv...

Assessing biomarkers for patients with breast cancer who are suited for adjuvant therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Biomarker-guided stratification is essential for optimizing adjuvant systemic therapy in early-stage breast cancer, requiring a balance ...

Machine Learning Model Using Pre-Cancer Therapy Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images to Predict Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction.

BACKGROUND: Predicting risk of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains challenging. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to as...

Up-regulation of SLC26A3 enhances oxaliplatin sensitivity in colorectal cancer.

The role of SLC26A3 in the sensitivity to oxaliplatin, a widely used chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer (CRC), remains unclear. This study aimed ...

Food-derived components as natural skin-whitening strategies: Classification, mechanisms, application forms and prospects.

BACKGROUND: Skin hyperpigmentation has attracted widespread attention. Traditional chemical skin-whitening components pose potential risks, whereas fo...

Engineering Oriented Pt Deposition via Micro-Nano Crisscross Scaffolds: A Paradigm for High-Efficiency HER Catalyst.

A critical issue for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is to break the inherent trade-off between catalytic activity and mass/charge transport in ...

Predicting neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy response using BRIDGE from tumor transcriptomics and histopathology.

BACKGROUND: While expression-based signatures inform adjuvant therapy in breast cancer (BC), no approved molecular biomarkers exist for the neoadjuvan...

Cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, clinical applications, resistance and future directions.

Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionised oncology by utilising immune-mediated mechanisms to achieve durable anti-tumour responses and long-term clinic...

DREAMER-S: Deep leaRning-Enabled Attention-based Multiple-instance approaches with Explainable Representations for Spatial biology.

Identifying image features that associate strongly with diagnostic or prognostic classes in large-scale, multi-channel spatial imaging is challenging ...

Enhancing Osteosarcoma Survival Predictions: A Comparative Study of a Multicomponent-Model Machine Learning Approach Integrating SEER and NCDB Data Sets Versus Conventional Single-Data-Set Modeling.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma treatment decisions require accurate prognostic assessment, yet utilization of machine learning (ML) models is problematic be...

Machine Learning Model Predicts Clinical Adverse Events of Small Molecule Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer Patients Using On-/Off-Target Engagement and Tissue Selectivity.

Adverse events (AEs) of small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) at therapeutic doses in cancer patients are largely unpredictable in phase I-III stud...

Personalized neoadjuvant treatment regimen selection in locally advanced rectal cancer based on regimen-specific response modeling.

Neoadjuvant therapy is standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), yet regimen selection remains population-based, risking over- or undertreat...

A machine learning and physics-informed framework for predictive modeling of gemcitabine nanocomposite cytotoxicity.

BACKGROUND: Gemcitabine is an important chemotherapeutic agent that suffers from poor bioavailability and drug resistance. Although the nanocomposite ...

T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.

Influenza A viruses pose a significant pandemic threat, with H2N3 in particular representing a subtype of particular concern due to limited population...