Chemotherapy

Predicting resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma using machine learning with clinical data and T2-weighted MRI radiomics.

OBJECTIVES: Identifying patients at risk of chemoresistant osteosarcoma enables risk-adapted management. This study aimed to predict chemoresistant osteosarcoma using baseline clinical and magnetic resonance (MRI)-derived radiomics features, with histological response as the reference standard and external validation included. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included ...

Deep Learning-Based Early Prediction of Syncope Onset During Tilt Table Testing via Temporal Convolutional Autoencoder Anomaly Detector.

INTRODUCTION: The head-up tilt table test (HUTT) is a lengthy and uncomfortable procedure for patients which often induces fainting. Post-transient loss of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, and pallor may occur. This study aims to develop and evaluate the efficacy of anomaly detection methods based on autoencoding for early prediction of syncope onset, enabling preemptive HUTT termination and there...

Genome-wide variation in cell-free DNA end motif entropy predicts immunotherapy response in head and neck cancer.

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive biomarkers predicting immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain an unmet clinical ...

An interpretable machine learning model integrating [18F]FDG PET/CT radiomics and clinical features for predicting perforation following chemotherapy in gastrointestinal lymphoma: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Perforation following chemotherapy in gastrointestinal lymphoma (PFCGL) is a rare but severe and life-threatening complication. Early pre-...

Artificial intelligence integrated multi-omics and multimodal studies promote the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: opportunities, challenges, and future perspectives.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a critical therapeutic strategy for locally advanced breast cancer; however, its clinical utility is con...

What are the views of cancer care administrators and clinicians in England on the use of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore administrators' and clinicians' views on the factors that influence their use and adoption of a machine learning clinical decisi...

Automatic computation of breast cancer biomarkers from multiple [Formula: see text] F-FDG PET image segmentation.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard clinical practice for tumor downsizing in breast cancer, with [Formula: see text]F-FDG Positron Emission Tomogr...

Photoacoustic-ultrasound endoscopy for assessment of rectal cancer treatment response: A prospective study with T2-weighted MRI radiomics comparison.

Accurate identification of pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is c...

Health Risk Assessment for Rare Earth Ions: From End Point Identification of Cytotoxicity to Mixed Toxicity Prediction.

Rare earth elements (REEs) are emerging contaminants with escalating environmental releases. However, REE health risk assessment faces critical challe...

Efficacy and safety evaluation of artificial intelligence-identified antimicrobial peptides targeting avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in broiler chickens.

BACKGROUND: The overuse of antibiotics in both veterinary and human medicine has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, prompting...

Advancing equity in endometrial cancer: A narrative synthesis using a cluster-informed framework for resource-stratified implementation.

Endometrial cancer incidence and mortality are rising globally, disproportionately affecting health systems facing diagnostic, therapeutic, and surviv...

Use of artificial intelligence in analysis of endoscopic images to detect residual disease or regrowth in rectal patients with complete clinical response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Patients with rectal cancer who have a complete clinical response (cCR) to neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy (nCRT) may opt for organ preserv...

AI-powered and manual assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in early HER2-positive breast cancer in NSABP B-41.

The assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs), together with gene expression signatures (GES), has the potential to guide personalized breast...

Droplet microfluidic profiling of NK cell cytotoxicity with machine learning-enabled target-cell death analysis.

Predicting the clinical efficacy of Natural Killer (NK) cell immunotherapies remains challenging due to functional heterogeneity within effector popul...

Personalized machine learning-guided radiation dose escalation in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: prospective pilot study.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with near-universal recurrence despite maximal safe resection followed by standard chemoradiat...

A predictive 14-gene signature and FLI1 inhibition overcome tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte dysfunction in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking effective targeted therapies. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pemb...

Benchmarking large language models in breast cancer care: agreement with radiology-led multidisciplinary tumor board decisions.

BACKGROUND: Multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDTBs) play a central role in breast cancer management by integrating imaging findings with clinical and p...

Wake-Up-Free Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Compatible Multiferroic Heterostructures for Application in Magnetoelectric Spin-Orbit Devices.

The integration of multiferroic materials into complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology presents an exciting frontier in nanoelectron...

Molecular mechanisms linking cadmium chloride exposure to ankylosing spondylitis: an integrative network-based study.

Chronic cadmium chloride (CC) exposure is associated with diverse toxicological outcomes, yet its potential role in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spo...

Prediction of OncotypeDX recurrence score using hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images.

The OncotypeDX 21-gene assay guides adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in early-stage, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, but cost a...