Clinical Trials

Feasibility and psychometric evaluation of large language model-generated radiology learning materials for board examination preparation: a prospective pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) can generate structured educational content at scale, yet their role in postgraduate radiology training remains untested. METHODS: This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of deploying LLM-generated radiology board preparation materials, the psychometric properties of adapted survey instruments, and exploratory effect-size estimates for sample-size planni...

Rational design of low-risk and high-efficiency β-triketone herbicide alternatives via integrative computational toxicology and NGBoost modeling.

β-Triketone herbicides (bTHs) are widely applied in crops such as maize, rice, and sorghum. However, their efficacy on some gramineous weeds is limited, and concerns over their persistence and toxicity are rising. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation framework integrating Box-Cox transformation and coefficient of variation methods was developed to simultaneously characterize herbicidal effica...

Applications of DeepSeek in Medicine: Bibliometric Analysis and Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The integration of large language models (LLMs) into medicine has reshaped health care delivery, education, and research. Although proprie...

Robot-Assisted Oral Examination: Challenges and Innovations.

OBJECTIVES: To summarize and evaluate the core components, functional modules, and developmental challenges of intelligent oral examination robots, an...

Physics-Informed Koopman-Constrained Implicit Q-Learning for Safe Offline Reinforcement Learning in Mechanical Ventilation.

Mechanical ventilation management in intensive care units requires continuous optimization of ventilator parameters while adhering to clinical safety ...

Physical therapy using digital therapeutics in infants with congenital muscular torticollis: a pilot study.

Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common musculoskeletal problem associated with unilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle stiffness. We evaluate...

Intelligent fall risk prediction and real-time warning system for elderly care based on multimodal deep learning and wearable sensor fusion.

Falls remain a leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among adults aged 65 and older, and these human and economic costs keep rising ...

Children and adolescents' views on artificial intelligence in pediatric healthcare: a qualitative focus group study.

BACKGROUND: The increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, including pediatrics, offers significant opportunities for improving qual...

Improving Trauma Triage Accuracy with Large Language Models: A Comparison to Human Expert Decisions.

BACKGROUND: Accurate prehospital trauma triage and communication determine morbidity, mortality, and system efficiency. Advancements in large language...

Early intensive antihypertensive treatment in high-risk population of intracerebral haemorrhage expansion identified by artificial intelligence (ARCHES): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUNDS: Haematoma expansion (HE) is a significant factor in poor outcomes following intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Studies have suggested that ...

Analytic Misjudgment of Drug Safety Evidence and Causality: From the Prosecutor's Fallacy and Simpson's Paradox to Artificial Intelligence.

Drug safety assessment, particularly in the post-marketing setting, is especially vulnerable to analytic misjudgment because it relies on heterogeneou...

Comparative overview of Biosimilar regulatory frameworks and international harmonization trends.

INTRODUCTION: Biosimilar development is undergoing regulatory change, with growing emphasis on analytical comparability and targeted clinical pharmaco...

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes of artificial intelligence-based teaching versus traditional-based teaching in medical education.

AIMS: To evaluate comparative outcomes of artificial Intelligence (AI)-based and traditional-based teaching in medical education. METHODS: The literat...

Embodied Intelligence Applications in Health Care Populations: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Embodied intelligence-artificial intelligence instantiated in physical or virtual bodies that can perceive, communicate, and interact with...

Breaking Barriers in Student Mental Health Care With AI-Enhanced Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Pilot Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: University students experience elevated psychological distress, with limited access to mental health services. While cognitive behavioral ...

How should covariates be handled in randomized trials? Empirical evidence from 50 trials and recommendations for practice.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Covariate adjustment can improve precision and power in randomized clinical trials and is recommended by major regulatory ag...

On the value of radiomics in addition to clinical measures in emotional conflict fMRI for predicting sertraline response in major depressive disorder.

Most patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to first-line treatment, and robust predictors of individual outcomes are lacking. F...

The effectiveness of CBT-based NLP-enabled AI conversational agents for mental health intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Natural language processing (NLP)-enabled artificial intelligence (AI) conversational agents (CAs) are increasingly adopted in digital mental health i...

General-purpose large language models outperform specialized clinical AI tools on medical benchmarks.

Specialized clinical artificial intelligence (AI) tools are entering medical practice despite scarce independent evaluation. We quantitatively evaluat...

Fusion of MRI-radiomics and clinical features to improve pathological T-stage prediction of rectal cancer: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Developing a rational model for precise preoperative staging of rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging is crucial for improving th...