Latest AI and machine learning research in clinical trials for healthcare professionals.
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is a frequent and under-recognized consequence of prolonged mechanical ventilation in intensive-care unit (ICU) patients. Identifying eligible candidates for clinical trials targeting VIDD remains a major operational challenge. This study evaluates the use of large language models (LLMs) to automate patient prescreening from ICU discharge...
BACKGROUND: Vaginal birth after two cesarean deliveries (VBAC2) is increasingly recognized as a reasonable and, in selected cases, preferable option. Current evidence suggests that successful and safe VBAC2 can be achieved, particularly among carefully selected candidates, including grand multiparous women. However, the factors that reliably predict success and reduce maternal and neonatal risk in...
BACKGROUND: Deficiencies in knowledge and skills related to the management of medical emergencies in dental settings can adversely affect the clinical...
RATIONALE: Sepsis is a state of life-threatening organ dysfunction in the setting of infection. It is biologically heterogeneous, as evidenced by whol...
BACKGROUND: The use of large language models (LLMs)-powered chatbots has reshaped how people seek information and advice, including for emotional and ...
OBJECTIVES: Driving under the influence of cannabis is a growing public health concern in the United States. Existing surveillance systems often lack ...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing many fields including food safety. In food safety, the available data generated within the agrifood sy...
Vision-language models (VLMs) represent a transformative advance in generative artificial intelligence (AI), using multimodal data processing to enhan...
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet substantial inter-patient response heterogeneity limits therapeutic benefit to specific patient...
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as tools for medical education. However, evidence remains limited regarding their p...
BACKGROUND: Patient use of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots for dermatologic information is increasing, but their performance on psoriasis-relate...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is traditionally viewed as a late-onset motor neuron disease, yet how cortical dysfunction originates and contribu...
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) show potential to support antimicrobial prescribing but require simulation-based, institution-specific safety...
BACKGROUND: Chronic dermatologic conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa are associated with a high burden of ps...
OBJECTIVES: To compare expert-rated diagnostic accuracy, patient safety, completeness of management, and freedom from detectable hallucinations across...
Approximately one billion people worldwide live with a mental disorder, yet access to minimally adequate treatment remains low. Against this backdrop,...
Emergency department overcrowding places sustained pressure on triage workflows and patient prioritization. Artificial intelligence (AI)-augmented tri...
INTRODUCTION: Perioperative acute pain remains a major challenge because conventional analgesic strategies are often limited by inadequate efficacy an...
The global health workforce is approaching a breaking point, driven by administrative overload, inefficient workflows, burnout, and accelerating retir...
INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is commonly associated with smoking. However, if considered separately, lung cancer in never-smokers (LCINS) is the seventh ...