Clinical Trials

Large Language Models for Breast and Cervical Cancers Communication: Mixed Methods Evaluation Study Assessing Linguistic Quality, Safety, and Accessibility.

BACKGROUND: Effective communication about breast and cervical cancers remains a public health challenge, with widespread misinformation and barriers to cancer-related language understanding. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for scalable health communication, yet trade-offs between quality, safety, and accessibility of general-purpose and medical-domain LLMs remain underexplored. OBJECT...

Selecting, Scaling, and Measuring the Value of Ambient AI in a Nonacademic Health System: Multiphase Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Most US health systems operate on a local or regional scale and face substantial financial and staffing pressures, which are intensified by challenges related to physician satisfaction and difficulties in recruitment and retention. Ambient artificial intelligence (AI) documentation solutions have the potential to reduce burdens and improve satisfaction, but vendor selection is often un...

Hybrid CQD sensors for food safety: MOF/MIP composites, AI integration, and real-matrix performance.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising photoluminescent nanomaterials for food safety monitoring owing to their tunable optical properti...

Using generative AI to support clinical reasoning coaching: a theory-informed approach.

Generative artificial intelligence (gen AI) can support and likely enhance clinical reasoning coaching for struggling medical learners when its use is...

Clinical Risk Management and Patient-safety Research: A Large-scale Bibliometric Mapping of the Field and Its Emerging Directions (Master vs. 2021-2025).

BACKGROUND: To map the evolution, knowledge structure, and emerging directions of clinical risk management (CRM) and patient-safety research by contra...

Personal Health Large Language Models and the Negotiation of Medical Authority in Clinical Care: Opportunities, Risks, and Governance.

Personal health large language models (PH-LLMs) are patient-facing conversational systems that synthesize user-entered information, patient-generated ...

Metabolic and vascular outcomes after transition to the MiniMed 780G system in adults ≥65 years with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, single-centre study.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systems are increasingly regarded as the preferred therapy for type 1 diabetes, although evidence...

Investigating the feasibility and acceptability of the TeleRehabilitation of balance clinical and economic Decision Support System (TeleRehaB DSS) in adults at risk of falls: study protocol for a multicentre clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Falls are a significant concern for older adults, particularly those with neurological, vestibular, cognitive and post-viral conditions,...

Observational multicentre registry to update key interventions and new approaches with artificial intelligence for heart failure (OKINAWA-HF): a retrospective medical record-derived registry study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: The efficacy of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure has been established in clinical trials, but trial populatio...

IL4Rα blockade inhibits proliferation of malignant lymphocytes and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of mycosis fungoides.

BACKGROUND: Limited therapeutic options are available for patients with advanced-stage mycosis fungoides (MF), and the 5-year survival rate is 25%. Du...

Automated measurement of CD8+ T-cell distribution at the tumor epithelial-stromal interface is associated with NSCLC immunotherapy benefit and transcriptomic pathways.

Whereas anti-PD-(L)1 therapies are widely used in cancer treatment, only a subset of patients achieve long-term survival. Companion diagnostics based ...

An Explainable AI Framework for Continuous Monitoring, Risk Stratification, and Clinical Decision Support in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Protocol for a Multiphase Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) management remains limited by reliance on static biochemical markers, fragmented assessment of symptom b...

A multi-scale, circuit-to-gene signature of approach-bias modification in internet gaming disorder.

BACKGROUND: Approach-bias modification (ApBM) is a cognitive training intervention with potential therapeutic value for internet gaming disorder (IGD)...

Circadian Rhythm Stabilization App to Prevent Mood Episode Recurrence in Patients With Mood Disorders: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: Preventing recurrence is essential for improving the clinical course of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). The auth...

Segmenting Older Adults by Their Acceptance of Digital Health Care Devices: Cross-Sectional Study Using the Augmented Technology Acceptance Model and K-Means Clustering.

BACKGROUND: Population aging has become a critical global challenge, with South Korea entering a super-aged society and facing rapidly increasing heal...

Fine-Tuning Large Language Models for Motivational Interviewing in Health Behavior Change: Development and Evaluation Study.

BACKGROUND: Motivational interviewing (MI) is an effective counseling approach for promoting health behavior change, but its scalability is constraine...

Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Peer Teaching in Orthopedic Clinical Education: Historical Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Peer teaching is an established pedagogical approach in medical education; yet, traditional methods face challenges including inconsistent...

Effects of biologic and targeted synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) on patient-reported outcome domains in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analyses.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence from head-to-head comparisons of biologic/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) on patient-repo...

Leveraging simulation to provide a practical framework for estimating the novel scope of risk of large language models in healthcare.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly entering clinical and consumer use, yet their probabilistic outputs have delivered a variety of u...

Improving decision reliability in transport safety engineering through a machine learning-based model.

Ensuring defensible policy inferences and robust decision reliability is fundamental for multi-criteria decision-making activities, particularly in tr...