Clinical Trials

The geographic digital divide among dementia caregivers in the U.S.: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Digital health tools, particularly patient portals, can support caregiving, but there is limited understanding of how sociodemographic and geographic factors influence digital health engagement among U.S. caregivers, especially dementia caregivers. Dementia caregiving involves complex coordination, medication management, and frequent healthcare interactions. Therefore, access to online...

Machine learning and SHAP interpretation to identify high-level compassion fatigue among operating room nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Operating room nurses (ORNs) are at high risk for compassion fatigue (CF), which significantly impairs individuals' well-being, undermines the stability of the nursing workforce, and jeopardizes patients' safety. The study aimed to analyze the prevalence and symptom characteristics of CF among ORNs, construct and compare predictive models using machine learning, and determine the relat...

Benign-by-design chemistry: Reinventing ligand-based drug design at the edge of AI.

Ligand-based drug design (LBDD) has long driven therapeutic innovation; however, its traditional potency-centered paradigm often oversimplifies biolog...

Road traffic accident severity prediction based on large-scale data and multi-dimensional factors: an explainable ensemble learning approach.

Road traffic accidents cause substantial fatalities and economic losses, yet large-scale severity analysis is often constrained by limited access to h...

Input-to-State Safety for Reinforcement Learning.

In this article, we present a novel off-policy, safe reinforcement learning (RL) approach for nonlinear dynamical systems under input saturation that ...

Global Perspectives on CNS Drug Innovation: Achievements, Barriers, and Priorities for the Next Decade.

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, neuropsychopharmacology has shifted from stagnation to momentum, with first-in-class mechanisms and biomarker-enable...

Physics-informed neural networks for predicting laser-tissue interaction in maxillofacial reconstruction surgery.

This study employs Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to simulate the thermal dynamics of biological tissue under laser irradiation by embedding...

Evaluation of large language models and retrieval-augmented generation for clinical reasoning in pediatric myopia: a 50-case real-world study.

To evaluate the clinical reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems in pediatric myopia manage...

Financial incentives increase uptake and perceived effectiveness of autonomous medical AI, yet patients still seek human reconfirmation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used for diagnostic screening. In diabetic retinopathy screening, autonomous AI systems can identify dise...

Commercial AI for CT lung cancer screening: product capabilities, coverage of nodule management tasks and supporting evidence.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the capabilities of CE-marked AI products for lung nodule analysis in lung cancer screening (LCS), quantify their coverage...

Health AI research capacity and equity-adjusted patient value in 27 European Union countries: an ecological panel study, 2011-2024.

BACKGROUND: Investments in health artificial intelligence (AI) are accelerating across European Union member states, yet evidence linking national AI ...

Mechanistically Informed and Omics-Guided Essential Oil Applications for Food Preservation.

The growing demand for safe, sustainable, and clean-label food preservation strategies has accelerated interest in plant-derived essential oils (EOs) ...

Real-time artificial intelligence-based needle tracking for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia training: a pilot prospective randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Proper needle visualization is a major technical challenge for novices learning ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA). We developed...

Artificial intelligence in ovarian pathophysiology and management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into reproductive medicine and gynecologic oncology has driven transformative advances in ...

Expanding the Therapeutic Window in Oncology: Modern Strategies and Future Directions.

Background:The enhancement of the therapeutic window (TW) in oncology remains a significant challenge, as the majority of anticancer treatments face d...

AI chatbots in strabismus care: A multidomain expert evaluation of caregiver-facing information.

AimTo evaluate and compare the performance of five artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-ChatGPT (OpenAI 4), Google Gemini, Grok (xAI), DeepSeek, and ...

Leveraging the Metabolic Fingerprint of Sleep Deprivation and Sleep Restriction for Forensic Applications: A Machine Learning Study in Oral Fluid Metabolomics.

As sleep loss leads to accidents and impaired safety, a direct metabolic marker would be beneficial for forensic interpretation. In a sufficiently pow...

Adaptive multimodal learning for driver cognitive state monitoring using transformer-based fusion with personalized meta-learning and federated optimization.

Road accidents caused by driver fatigue and cognitive overload remain a significant public safety concern. According to recent traffic safety data, dr...

Impact of artificial intelligence on cardiovascular workflow, engagement, and outcomes: a systematic review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is progressively utilized in cardiology; nonetheless, the overarching advantages across various care domains remain ambig...

Rationale and design of a multicenter, prospective, diagnostic clinical study: A study protocol for evaluating the diagnostic validation of deep learning-based noninvasive CT-FFR for in-stent restenosis.

INTRODUCTION: Currently, there are many diagnostic strategies for in-stent restenosis (ISR) used clinically, including invasive coronary angiography (...