Clinical Trials

Quality and safety of large language model generated communication in psychodermatology: a bilingual scenario-based evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by patients for medical information and reassurance. In psychodermatology, where communication must address psychological distress, stigma, and functional impact, the safety and quality of AI-generated educational content have not been systematically assessed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality and safety of patient-facing educational ...

In vitro evaluation of automated single-unit crown design using artificial intelligence: Design time, marginal misfit, dental morphology, and contact points.

OBJECTIVE: To compare an artificial intelligence-based design workflow with a manual CAD workflow in terms of design time, vertical marginal misfit, dental morphology, and interproximal and occlusal contacts during single-unit crown planning. METHODS: Standardized preparations for single-unit crowns were performed on a typodont (teeth 22, 24, and 26). After digital scanning, single crowns were des...

Efficacy and safety evaluation of artificial intelligence-identified antimicrobial peptides targeting avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in broiler chickens.

BACKGROUND: The overuse of antibiotics in both veterinary and human medicine has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, prompting...

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Identification of Incidental Findings in Prostate MRI.

OBJECTIVES: The use of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasing, and coverage often captures substantial portions of the pelvis, visual...

Toward protocol simplification: Deep learning-based image synthesis in three-phase CT urography.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a method for synthesizing 3D urothelial phase images in CTU examinations from the dua...

Machine-Learning-Based Prediction of Long-Term Efficacy of Nemolizumab: Post Hoc Analysis of Pooled Data from Two Phase III Clinical Trials.

INTRODUCTION: Nemolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits the receptor for interleukin-31, the major pruritogen in atopi...

Current themes of AI in mental health: Actionable evidence and guardrails for mood and anxiety care.

Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) is clinically relevant to mood and anxiety care, but the evidence base is uneven across use cases. This narrat...

Efficacy of short-course bevacizumab for brain tumor radiation necrosis with a volumetric analysis.

PURPOSE: Radiation necrosis (RN) is a challenging complication of cranial irradiation, often requiring corticosteroids for management. This study eval...

Immunological Drug-Drug Interactions in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Artificial Intelligence.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy, producing durable responses across multiple malignancies. Howe...

A Natural Language Processing Framework for Structuring and Visualizing Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria at Scale: Protocol for a Quantitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Eligibility criteria are essential to clinical trial design, guiding recruitment, and ensuring patient safety and scientific rigor. Howeve...

HIV and Substance Use Reduction for Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Development and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Youth experiencing homelessness face heightened vulnerability to HIV infection and substance use due to complex structural, psychosocial, ...

A probabilistic framework for risk-bounded patient-specific quality assurance in volumetric modulated arc therapy based on measured and calculated gamma pass rates.

This study introduces a probabilistic framework for patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), using gamma ...

Randomized trial of electronic health record implemented AI risk prediction in kidney transplant care.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based risk prediction is increasingly implemented in clinical care, but randomized evidence on communication and shared d...

Advancing conversational diagnostic AI with multimodal reasoning.

Real-world clinical practice is inherently multimodal, relying on the synthesis of patient history with visual information such as medical imagery and...

The role of artificial intelligence in adenoma detection during colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials-Artificial intelligence and adenoma detection.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening; however, it is limited by a substantial adenoma miss rate. We aimed to p...

Parents' knowledge, attitudes, and concerns regarding the use of artificial intelligence in pediatric medicine: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in pediatric healthcare, with the potential to improve diagnostic and treatment accur...

Recent innovative approaches for drug delivery systems targeting cancer and CNS disorders.

Advancements in drug delivery systems (DDSs) have revolutionized pharmaceutical development by enhancing therapeutic precision, minimizing off-target ...

Developing and validating an electronic health record-embedded AI model for managing multimorbid hospitalisation risk in patients with chronic RESpiratory disease (AiRES): a study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are heterogeneous conditions with a ...

A lifecycle governance and learning health system framework for trustworthy, generalizable, and sustainable human-ai partnership in clinical practice: Lessons from the asthma-guidance and prediction system (A-GPS).

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical decision support (CDS) holds promise for proactive, personalized, and precision care. Ho...

Personalized machine learning-guided radiation dose escalation in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: prospective pilot study.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with near-universal recurrence despite maximal safe resection followed by standard chemoradiat...