Clinical Trials

Evaluating the ability of AI chatbots to provide informed consent information for common oncological surgeries.

INTRODUCTION: Informed consent is fundamental to oncological surgery, but communication is often hindered by medical terminology, inconsistent explanations and variation in patient understanding. Large language models may improve accessibility by generating simplified consent information. This study assessed whether four leading artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, ChatGPT (GPT-4), Gemini (2.5 F...

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Oncology Care: Pediatric Nurses' Perspectives and Future Implications.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore pediatric oncology nurses' perspectives on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into pediatric oncology care, focusing on its potential advantages, implementation challenges, and ethical considerations. METHODS: A hermeneutically informed descriptive phenomenological qualitative design was employed. One-to-one, semistructured interviews were condu...

Impact of AI recommendation correctness on diagnostic accuracy in clinical decision-making.

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision-making is shaped by healthcare provider-related factors such as experience, qualification and cognitive skills. AI-based...

Effect of a Robot Pet Companion on the Mood of Older Adults Receiving Family Caregiver Support: Pilot RCT.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Use of companion robot pets to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older people is well-established. Outcomes associa...

Enhancing clinicians' trust in large language models via transparent source attribution: A randomized controlled evaluation in uro-oncology.

INTRODUCTION: Large language models (LLMs) are utilized to answer queries in urology and oncology, yet the performance is limited due to outdated data...

Decoding strategies for enhancing immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have partially improved treatment outcomes for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the respo...

Design of the first national lung cancer screening program in the European Union: the Croatian Model.

OBJECTIVES: To address Croatia's high lung cancer mortality and late-stage diagnoses, the Ministry of Health initiated a multidisciplinary effort to d...

Toward Scalable Electromyography in Oncology: A Narrative Review of Normalization Challenges and Machine Learning Innovations.

OBJECTIVES: Electromyography (EMG) is increasingly applied in oncology to monitor neuromuscular impairment, treatment toxicities, and rehabilitation o...

Effects of Robot-Assisted Upper Extremity Training on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Patients With Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study.

OBJECTIVE: Primary aim was to investigate the effects of upper extremity robot-assisted training, applied in addition to conventional rehabilitation p...

The role of artificial intelligence in enhancing safety assessment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), a common abdominal operation, is associated with significant morbidity, particularly bile duct injury. ...

Morphologic Evaluation of Hyperchromatic Crowded Groups Present in Cervical Thin Prep Cytology Tests as Identified by the Hologic Genius Digital Diagnostics System: A Descriptive Study.

BACKGROUND: Our descriptive study focused on morphologic characteristics of hyperchromatic crowded groups (HCGs) in ThinPrep cervical cytology tests w...

Precision treatment with artificial intelligence assisted subtyping enhances therapeutic efficacy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: The LINUXtrial.

We report the results of LINUX (NCT05594095), a multicenter, randomized, controlled phase II platform trial aiming to identify effective precision tre...

Trajectories in renal perfusion pressure during hemodynamically guided therapy are associated with worsening renal function and patient outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Worsening renal function (WRF) during acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) therapy portends worse outcomes. We hypothesized that renal...

Enhancing Patient Safety Event Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence: A Pilot Study of an Artificial Intelligence-Powered Report Analysis Tool.

OBJECTIVES: To address the challenge of analyzing large volumes of patient safety event (PSE) reports, we developed and evaluated an AI-powered softwa...

Longitudinal Study of Macular Preservation and Geographic Atrophy Progression in Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2.

PURPOSE: To investigate the natural history of macular tissue preservation in geographic atrophy (GA) by evaluating the relationship between the macul...

Assessing the Readiness of Health Care Organizations for Safe AI Integration: Perspectives From Quality and Safety Leaders.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies hold great promise for improving patient outcomes, reducing clinician workload, and enhancing pa...

Evaluating ChatGPT-generated psychoeducation for mood disorders: comparative insights from patients and mental health professionals.

INTRODUCTION: Psychoeducation is a key intervention in mood disorders. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) conversational agents, tools like...

A pilot study: Incorporating Treponema pallidum antigens into machine learning models for accurate syphilis treatment outcome assessment.

As the reliability of nontreponemal tests for evaluating syphilis treatment efficacy is increasingly questioned, we propose an optimized approach usin...

Incorporating information retrieval into AI chatbots for patient education on thyroid eye disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of general-purpose, retrieval-augmented, and medicine-specific AI chatbots in answering common thyroid eye diseas...

Using machine learning to predict clinical remission with exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric Crohn disease.

OBJECTIVES: Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is a first-line treatment for induction of remission in luminal pediatric Crohn disease (pCD). However, ...