Cultural Competence

Systematic Investigation of Error Distribution in Machine Learning Algorithms Applied to the Quantum-Chemistry QM9 Data Set Using the Bias and Variance Decomposition.

Most machine learning applications in quantum-chemistry (QC) data sets rely on a single statistical error parameter such as the mean square error (MSE) to evaluate their performance. However, this approach has limitations or can even yield incorrect interpretations. Here, we report a systematic investigation of the two components of the MSE, i.e., the bias and variance, using the QM9 data set. To ...

Efficient Source Camera Identification with Diversity-Enhanced Patch Selection and Deep Residual Prediction.

Source camera identification has long been a hot topic in the field of image forensics. Besides conventional feature engineering algorithms developed based on studying the traces left upon shooting, several deep-learning-based methods have also emerged recently. However, identification performance is susceptible to image content and is far from satisfactory for small image patches in real demandin...

Assessment of deep learning-based PET attenuation correction frameworks in the sinogram domain.

This study set out to investigate various deep learning frameworks for PET attenuation correction in the sinogram domain. Different models for both ti...

Health Condition Estimation of Bearings with Multiple Faults by a Composite Learning-Based Approach.

Bearings are critical components found in most rotating machinery; their health condition is of immense importance to many industries. The varied cond...

No-Reference Screen Content Image Quality Assessment With Unsupervised Domain Adaptation.

In this paper, we quest the capability of transferring the quality of natural scene images to the images that are not acquired by optical cameras (e.g...

Artificial neural network analysis of microbial diversity in the central and southern Adriatic Sea.

Bacteria are an active and diverse component of pelagic communities. The identification of main factors governing microbial diversity and spatial dist...

A New Initialization Approach in Particle Swarm Optimization for Global Optimization Problems.

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a population-based intelligent stochastic search technique used to search for food with the intrinsic m...

Deep learning predicts gene expression as an intermediate data modality to identify susceptibility patterns in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected Diversity Outbred mice.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning sustains successful application to many diagnostic and prognostic problems in computational histopathology. Yet, few effo...

Overcoming false-positive gene-category enrichment in the analysis of spatially resolved transcriptomic brain atlas data.

Transcriptomic atlases have improved our understanding of the correlations between gene-expression patterns and spatially varying properties of brain ...

Ensuring that biomedical AI benefits diverse populations.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can potentially impact many aspects of human health, from basic research discovery to individual health assessment. It is...

Deep Learning-Based Ligand Design Using Shared Latent Implicit Fingerprints from Collaborative Filtering.

In their previous work, Srinivas et al. [ 2018, 10, 56] have shown that implicit fingerprints capture ligands and proteins in a shared latent space, ...

Design, step-economical diversity-oriented synthesis of an N-heterocyclic library containing a pyrimidine moiety: discovery of novel potential herbicidal agents.

The synthesis of highly diverse libraries has become of paramount importance for obtaining novel leads for drug and agrochemical discovery. Herein, th...

Addressing Fairness, Bias, and Appropriate Use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Global Health.

In Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs), machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) offer attractive solutions to address the shortag...

Computational methods to automate the initial interpretation of lower extremity arterial Doppler and duplex carotid ultrasound studies.

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity arterial Doppler (LEAD) and duplex carotid ultrasound studies are used for the initial evaluation of peripheral arterial d...

Mapping the terrain of Journal of Counseling Psychology: A citation network analysis.

In this study, we conducted a citation network analysis of the to elucidate the scope, evolution, and interconnections of publications as reflected ...

Reducing bias to source samples for unsupervised domain adaptation.

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) makes predictions for the target domain data while labels are only available in the source domain. Lots of works ...

Machine Learning Prediction and Experimental Validation of Antigenic Drift in H3 Influenza A Viruses in Swine.

The antigenic diversity of influenza A viruses (IAV) circulating in swine challenges the development of effective vaccines, increasing zoonotic threat...

An Adaptive Heterogeneous Online Learning Ensemble Classifier for Nonstationary Environments.

In recent years, the prevalence of technological advances has led to an enormous and ever-increasing amount of data that are now commonly available in...

Towards a pragmatist dealing with algorithmic bias in medical machine learning.

Machine Learning (ML) is on the rise in medicine, promising improved diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic clinical tools. While these technological ...

Parallel orthogonal deep neural network.

Ensemble learning methods combine multiple models to improve performance by exploiting their diversity. The success of these approaches relies heavily...