Dermatology

Automating Visual Recognition of Leprosy in Wild Chimpanzees

Leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae) has been confirmed in wild western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in West Africa, presenting as clear and progressive visual symptoms. Manual review of camera-trap footage at landscape scale is infeasible, motivating the need for automated screening. We present the first deep learning pipeline for wildlife leprosy detection and contribute the PanLep300 dataset o...

Region-Grounded Vision-Language Learning for Detection-Guided Mammographic Lesion Classification

Vision-language models trained with contrastive objectives have shown promise in medical image analysis. However, conventional global image-text alignment is ill-suited for mammography, where diagnostically relevant lesions are spatially localized and occupy only a small fraction of the image. Subtle morphological cues critical for malignancy assessment can be diluted when representations are lear...

Portable Ultra-Low Field MRI Deep-Learning Algorithms for White Matter Lesion Segmentation Improve Accuracy and Reflect Clinical Disability in Multiple Sclerosis

White matter lesion (WML) identification, assessment, and characterization using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are fundamental for diagnosis and mo...

Site-dependent transcriptomic signatures of endometriosis are conserved across hormonal states

Endometriosis, a chronic condition in which endometrial tissue grows at other sites in the body, produces lesions whose gene expression profiles vary ...

ViPSAM: Visual Prompting Medical Image Segmentation Using Segment Anything Model

In proton therapy planning, respiratory-gated non-contrast CT (NCCT) is commonly used for lesion segmentation; however, accurate delineation remains c...

LATTICE: Graph Self-Supervised Learning for Multimodal Spatial Omics Integration

Spatially resolved omics studies increasingly combine transcriptomic and epigenomic assays, yet downstream analysis is often still performed using sin...

TRACE-PCa: Predicting Prostate Cancer Progression from Longitudinal MRI During Active Surveillance

Active surveillance (AS) is the preferred strategy for favorable-risk prostate cancer, yet current protocols rely on scheduled repeat biopsies, most o...

Multimodal Empirical Bayes Variational Autoencoders for Joint Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Modeling

Longitudinal tumor measurements, dropout information, and genetic covariates provide complementary information about treatment response, but integrati...

Controllable Generation of Diverse Dermatological Imagery for Fair and Efficient Malignancy Classification

Accurate dermatological diagnosis naturally necessitates equitable performance across diverse populations, yet a systematic lack of expertly annotated...

DermDepth: Toward Monocular Metric Scale 3D Reconstruction Models for Dermatology

Dermatological practice routinely involves measuring and tracking lesion size, morphology and texture, as critical components of wound or skin cancer ...

Lesion Segmentation in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An nnU-Net Based Approach with Adaptive Normalization in the AIMS-TBI 2025 Challenge

The segmentation of lesions in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (msTBI) from T1-weighted MRI presents a significant clinical challenge due to...

Controllable Generation of Diverse Dermatological Imagery for Fair and Efficient Malignancy Classification

Accurate dermatological diagnosis naturally necessitates equitable performance across diverse populations, yet a systematic lack of expertly annotated...

DermDepth: Toward Monocular Metric Scale 3D Reconstruction Models for Dermatology

Dermatological practice routinely involves measuring and tracking lesion size, morphology and texture, as critical components of wound or skin cancer ...

Lesions Involving Medial Anterior Forebrain Pathway Circuitry Destabilize Phrase Timing in Adult Canary Song

Basal ganglia thalamo cortical circuits are essential for learning complex motor sequences, yet their roles in controlling flexible motor behavior rem...

RED-Sphere: Hyperspherical Residual Edge Debiasing for Cross-Population Fundus Disease Domain Generalization

Medical image classifiers are often trained within one source population, yet clinical deployment requires robustness to patients whose appearance, ac...

Super-Generalist: Towards Comprehensive and Accurate Medical Image Understanding via Generalist-Specialist Synergy

Medical images require comprehensive and accurate interpretation to support the diagnosis of diverse clincial conditions. Recent vision-language gener...

From Classification to Localization and Clinical Validation: Large-Scale Development of a Deep Learning System for Thoracic Disease Detection on Chest Radiographs in Thailand

Chest radiography (CXR) remains the most widely used thoracic imaging modality, yet expert interpretation is constrained by a severe shortage of radio...

Predicting subclonal TP53 mutations from tumor spatial transcriptomics data using a graph convolutional neural network

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has revolutionized our understanding of tumor biology but inherently lacks information on the upstream somatic driver mut...

Attention-Based Segmentation of WMHs and Differentiation of Vascular vs. Demyelinating Lesions

White Matter Hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly observed in brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. They are associated with various neurologi...

Seeing What Matters: Lesion-Aware High-Resolution Patch Discovery and Fusion for Chest X-ray Report Generation

Despite rapid advances in chest X-ray (CXR) foundation models, most radiology report generation (RRG) systems still rely on heavily downsampled inputs...