Dermatology

A multi-sequence MRI integration framework using SwinUNETR-v2 for multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic brain disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, where Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a key role in diagnosis. While manual analysis of brain MRIs is important, it is time-consuming and prone to human error. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems have therefore gained traction due to their ability to provide mor...

Deep learning and radiomics models in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy.

Quantitative imaging is an emerging field that may allow prediction of oncological outcomes. We investigate whether radiomics and deep learning can predict outcomes in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer utilizing randomized trials of PD-1 inhibitors + /- stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy: PEMBRO-RT(NCT02492568), NIVORAD(ACTRN12616000352404) and MDACC(NCT02444741). A random forest model de...

Lesion-Specific Prediction of Segmental Fractional Flow Reserve Using Deep Learning and Optical Coherence Tomography-Derived Features.

BACKGROUND: Intracoronary imaging-derived physiologic indices enable vessel-level assessment of coronary flow impairment by integrating obstructive pl...

Swarm intelligence-guided ROI selection for deep learning assessment of HER2 in colorectal cancer.

Accurate assessment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) is pivotal for precision therapy, yet the gig...

MMTC-Net: Multimodal Temporal Cervical Network for HSIL+ Recognition in Precancer Screening.

Cervical precancer screening is essential for reducing disease-related mortality. In colposcopic practice, clinicians jointly assess dynamic acetic-ac...

A clinical neuroimaging platform for rapid, automated lesion detection and personalized post-stroke outcome prediction.

Accurately predicting long-term outcomes after stroke remains a key challenge in personalized medicine. Here, we present a neuroimaging platform that ...

Feasibility study of an AI-powered mobile app to support cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosis in the Brazilian Amazon.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a major public health challenge, especially in Brazil's Amazon, where environmental and economic pres...

R-loop-Associated Regulator VDAC1 Drives Malignant Phenotypes in Uveal Melanoma.

BACKGROUND: R-loops regulate genome stability and transcription, but their roles in uveal melanoma (UVM) are unclear. METHODS: A total of 1,185 R-loop...

Beyond target lesions: Prognostic value of longitudinal AI-derived whole-body [1⁸F]FDG PET/CT metrics in metastatic melanoma.

PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based semi-automated tool for longitudinal whole-body quantification o...

Evaluating the Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Accurately Detecting Skin Cancer: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence technology is being widely developed in dermatology. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive data analyzing...

Endoscopy-based Deep Learning Algorithms versus Endoscopists in Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Detection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: To compare the diagnostic performance of endoscopy-based deep learning (DL) algorithms with endoscopists of different experience levels ...

Machine Learning Model Predicts Clinical Adverse Events of Small Molecule Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer Patients Using On-/Off-Target Engagement and Tissue Selectivity.

Adverse events (AEs) of small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) at therapeutic doses in cancer patients are largely unpredictable in phase I-III stud...

Automatic Localization and Classification of Crohn's Disease Activity in Computed Tomography Enterography Images Using Deep Learning.

Rapid and accurate localization and activity grading of Crohn's disease (CD) lesions on computed tomography enterography (CTE) images enhance the diag...

AI-based histopathology analysis predicts checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced melanoma and identifies patterns associated with response.

INTRODUCTION: Readily available predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in advanced melanoma are limited. This study eval...

Two-Step Ensemble Convolutional Neural Networks for Colonoscopic Biopsy Classification Resembling Pathologists' Process.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and early examination via colonoscopy is increasingly used to prevent C...

Unsupervised anomaly detection for longitudinal comparison in whole-body PET/CT images.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the utility of unsupervised anomaly detection for longitudinal comparison of whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-...

CTransFuse: A Hybrid Transformer-CNN Framework for Precise Meniscus Segmentation and Lesion Identification.

Meniscal tears and degenerative changes are the most common pathologies affecting the knee joint. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), these lesions o...

Whole-body reduced-dose dual-energy CT with deep learning image reconstruction for detection of osteolytic lesions in multiple myeloma.

INTRODUCTION: Deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) has been incorporated into dual-energy CT (DECT) to improve image quality. However, its applic...

Identifying potential ligand-receptor interactions by integrating LSTM network and the attention mechanism for cell-cell communication prediction.

BACKGROUND: Cell-cell communication (CCC) mediated by ligand-receptor (L-R) interactions is fundamental to deciphering tissue development and disease ...

Identification of Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene GM2A as a Potential Biomarker in Atopic Dermatitis by Combining Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis and Machine Learning.

Lipid metabolism is abnormal in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). This study aimed to screen lipid metabolism-related gene (LMRG) in AD, providing...