Dermatology

AttnEffNet-B4: an attention-augmented EfficientNet-B4 framework with fourier transformation for robust multi-disease diagnosis.

Early and precise disease detection in healthcare plays a vital role for better treatment results, healthier life expectancy, and good quality of care. However, many conventional AI diagnostic models are designed with a narrow focus on a single disease identification. This would limit their applications in the current-day healthcare system, particularly in remote and rural areas where there is lim...

Patch-to-slide fusion deep learning model for histological diagnosis of early pregnancy loss including hydatidiform mole.

Distinguishing histological subtypes of early pregnancy loss is crucial for clinical practice. Current gold standards combining pathological and molecular profiling are costly, limiting implementation. We developed a patch-to-slide fusion artificial intelligence (AI) model with adaptive masking to predict histological diagnosis. A total of 1380 haematoxylin and eosin stained, 1057 p57 and 646 Ki-6...

How good are artificial intelligence tools at identifying benign skin lesions? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the specificity of artificial intelligence tools in diagnosing suspicious skin lesions.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a transformative diagnostic tool in dermatology. As the prevalence of skin cancer rises and pressure on he...

Plasmonic hot-electron-assisted ultra-stretchable hydrogel electrodes for wearable cardiovascular monitoring and AI-driven predictive analytics.

Wearable bioelectronic systems require soft, deformable materials that maintain high electrical conductivity and reliable interfacial charge transport...

Predicting primary resistance to third-generation EGFR-TKIs in lung adenocarcinoma using a multisource cross-modal transformer model.

The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of a multisource cross-modal Transformer (MC-Trans) model in predicting primary resistance to thi...

The SPECT/CT radiomics-based classification of skeletal metastases and benign bone lesions.

Hybrid Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) improves lesion localization and diagnostic accuracy in detecting ske...

SCGAN-generated skin-tone-balanced extension of the HAM10000 dataset for fairer dermatological AI.

This dataset presents a synthetic collection of skin lesion images generated using a tone-conditioned Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to model sk...

Interpretable multimodal PET/CT-EHR fusion via mixture-of-experts for prognostic stratification in mantle cell lymphoma: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, biologically heterogeneous B-cell malignancy with highly variable outcomes. Existing prognostic tool...

Noninvasive Prediction of Bone Metastasis-Free Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using Interpretable CT-based Deep Learning Model.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Preoperatively identifying patients at high risk of bone metastasis (BM) remains challenging in resectable lung adenocarcino...

Scenario-based evaluation of large language models for reference accuracy in dermatology: literature retrieval on latent tuberculosis in psoriasis patients on anti-IL-17/23 therapy.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) could accelerate clinical literature searches, but their reliability is compromised by "hallucinations" gener...

Cell-type-specific causal effects of CEBPD in CD8 + S100B + Tcells and ZFP36 in monocytes modulate the protective and risk phenotypes in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by dysregulated keratinocyte proliferation, immune cell infiltration, a...

LungNet: Leveraging state-space models with SE-enhanced skip connections for precise CT-based lung lesion segmentation.

Lung cancer, which accounted for 2.48 million new cases and 1.82 million deaths worldwide in 2022, continues to be the most lethal cancer across the g...

AI-enabled autonomous UV-C device pathogen reduction within clinically relevant parameters.

Wall-mounted UV-C disinfection systems present a promising alternative to robotic approaches for pathogen reduction. We sought to determine the pathog...

Assessment of high- and low-risk histopathologic subtypes of basal cell carcinoma using artificial intelligence and dermatologist evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer, and accurate histopathologic risk stratification is essential for treatment sel...

From pathogenesis to precision medicine in systemic lupus erythematosus: Emerging biomarkers and targeted interventions.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation, autoantibody production, and chron...

Consumer Understanding of Skin Concerns With an AI-Powered Informational Tool.

IMPORTANCE: The potential association of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered informational tools with consumer health needs outcomes is not well unde...

BLADE: Breast Lesion Analysis with Domain Expertise for DCE-MRI Diagnosis.

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Reso nance Imaging (DCE-MRI) is pivotal in breast cancer diag nosis, yet radiologists face challenges in interpreti...

Fact-Checking Large Language Model Responses to a Health Care Prompt: Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models use machine learning to produce natural language. These models have a range of potential applications in health care...

Comparative Evaluation of 3D-QALAS Myelin Volume Fraction, Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer, and Myelin Water Fraction.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Accurate in vivo quantification of myelin remains challenging despite advances in MRI. We evaluated three-dimensional syntheti...

AI-Generated Clinical Images of Head-and-Neck Lesions in Plastic Surgery Education: An Expert Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Clinical images are essential in plastic and reconstructive surgery education, particularly for understanding pathology, planning reconstr...