Dermatology

Depth-aware melanoma classification and Breslow depth estimation from reflectance confocal microscopy.

Can AI Make Paediatric PET/CT Lower Dose? Opportunities, Evidence and Cautions.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential enabling technology for lower-dose paediatric PET/CT, but its value depends on whether dose reduction can be achieved without compromising diagnostic accuracy, lesion detectability, quantitative reliability or clinical confidence. This review examines AI-enabled pathways for paediatric PET/CT dose optimisation, including low-count PET denoisi...

Deep behavioral phenotyping reveals novel features in a mouse model of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) often suffer from a broad range of extrahepatic symptoms including fatigue and p...

COSMOSol: efficient solvent screening for polymer additives with open-source COSMO-SAC.

Recycling polymers with solvents requires removing additives efficiently-yet for most of the hundreds of additives used industrially, the efficiency o...

[Optimized regional lymph node management after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer].

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has strengthened systemic control in breast cancer and promoted precision de-escalation of axillary management. For clinical...

Dual-View Thyroid Ultrasound Classification via Dual Knowledge Distillation.

OBJECTIVE: Thyroid ultrasound diagnosis in clinical practice typically relies on both transverse and longitudinal views of the same lesion. However, m...

Objective and Quantitative Assessment of Facial Vitiligo via AI-powered 3D Analysis for Diagnostic Support.

BACKGROUND: Traditional vitiligo assessment methods rely on subjective evaluation and 2D photographic analysis, limiting consistency and accuracy in c...

Artificial intelligence (AI) uses in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS): diagnosis with brain metastasis (BM) - A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases (BM) are the most common intracranial tumors in adults, and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become a mainstay of mana...

An Attention-Based Transformer Algorithm Integrated with YOLO Framework for Lesion Localization and Detection Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the major causes of vision loss among diabetic patients across the globe, and it is a major challenge to the publi...

ABUS-ResMask-Net: ABUS Lesion Classification Network Design with ResMask Module and BI-RADS Content-Awareness Auxiliary Tasks.

This study aims to develop a 2.5D deep learning model with shape and margin as auxiliary tasks to improve the diagnostic performance of benign-maligna...

Multi-task deep learning model for predicting EGFR mutation status in NSCLC.

Multi-task DL for predicting EGFR mutation status Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status is a critical biomarker in the management of...

Deep learning-based multi-class classification of cutaneous lesions for dermatological assessment.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and early detection is essential for improving treatment outcomes and reduci...

Immune Repertoire Profiling Reveals Distinct Adaptive Immune Signatures of Dampness ZHENG Across Psoriasis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ulcerative Colitis.

Autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis (Ps), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ulcerative colitis (UC), pose significant health burdens worldwide. A mor...

WFUMB Liver Ultrasound Fusion Imaging Technical Review and Position Statement: Focus on CT/MRI-Based Fusion.

OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound fusion imaging is a hybrid technique that combines real-time ultrasonography (US) with pre-acquired computed tomography (CT) or ...

Missed melanoma following skin lesion triage by an autonomous artificial intelligence system in a community setting.

Artificial Intelligence in Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation: A Narrative Review of Deep Learning Methods, Clinical Utility, and Future Directions.

Ischemic stroke management is time-sensitive, and lesion segmentation supports treatment selection, prognostication, and reproducible quantification. ...

Artificial intelligence-based quantification of epidermal proliferation and apoptosis in human skin.

Although artificial intelligence is rapidly advancing, its application in translational dermatological research remains limited. In this study, we est...

Artificial intelligence-assisted detection and optical differentiation of colorectal lesions in Lynch syndrome surveillance (CADLY2): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided detection (CADe) systems improve adenoma detection in average-risk colorectal cancer scr...

RCAF for patient-level thyroid ultrasound malignancy prediction under leakage-free evaluation and calibration.

Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules on ultrasound remains clinically important, yet interpretation is operator-depen...

Test-fairness deep learning with influence score.

Performance disparities in AI systems can manifest across sensitive groups or across data sources, especially when training data are collected from sp...