Diabetes

Attention augmented feature fusion in a hybrid CNN-transformer for fine-grained diabetic retinopathy severity grading.

Despite the advent of automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity grading from retinal fundus images, it remains challenging because of class imbalance, subtle DR lesion characteristics, and limited generalization of currently available deep learning models. Given the above, this study aims to fill these gaps by introducing a novel hybrid CNN-Transformer architecture (EffTNet), which extracts loc...

Decision tree-based prediction of 5-year weight trajectories after bariatric surgery in adolescents and young adults: a retrospective cohort study from France and Sweden.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic-bariatric surgery is an efficient therapy in selected adolescents with severe obesity. However, predicting the postoperative weight loss is challenging. A machine learning calculator predicting 5-year weight loss trajectory has been developed in adults, based on seven preoperative features. The aim of the present study was to adapt and test it in adolescents. METHODS: Retrosp...

Data Augmentation via Digital Twins to Develop Personalized Deep Learning Glucose Prediction Algorithms for Type 1 Diabetes in Poor Data Context.

OBJECTIVE: Accurately predicting glucose levels is essential for effectively managing type 1 diabetes (T1D), a chronic condition in which the body can...

Predicting the Complex, Multilevel Ecology of US County-Level Diabetes Prevalence: A Cross-Sectional, Artificial Intelligence Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes and its risk factors are embedded in a complex multilevel ecology. Upstream factors (i.e., 'forcing factors' that refer to fundam...

Pinoresinol diglucoside from Eucommia ulmoides attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through suppressing the store-operated calcium entry and downregulating the STIM1/Orai1/NFAT3 signaling pathway.

Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), an active component derived from Eucommia ulmoides, exhibits therapeutic effects against apoptosis, inflammation, and h...

Detection of Honey Adulteration Using Thermorheological and Spectroscopic Analyses: Independent Evaluation With Linear Latent-Variable and Gradient Boosting Models.

Honey adulteration is a prevalent economic fraud that demands robust and reliable detection methods. In this study, a proof-of-concept was developed o...

Polygon-Aware Deep Learning Framework for Meal-Level Nutrition Estimation From Food Images.

Accurate estimation of meal-level nutritional content from food images is a challenging yet essential task for automated dietary assessment. Although ...

The IGF1-PGM5 Axis Inhibits Aerobic Glycolysis and Serves As a Tumor Suppressor in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy with a distinct geographical distribution. This study aimed to identify core glycolysis-relat...

Time-dependent predictive contribution of the triglyceride-glucose index for incident cardiovascular disease in a 9-year Chinese cohort.

This study aims to investigate the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and risk of CVD using explainable survival analysis method bas...

Automated diabetic retinopathy grading and screening using deep learning.

PURPOSE: To develop and benchmark a unified Deep Learning (DL) pipeline for automated detection and five-level grading of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a...

Screening of Medicinal and Edible Homology Substances for Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on GraphBAN.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a critical microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, and the current pharmacotherapies are limited...

Machine learning-based prediction model for adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most frequent pregnancy complications. Investigating clinical risk factors for ad...

Prognostic models for diabetic kidney disease outcomes: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to systematically evaluate the methodological quality and predictive performance of existing prognostic models...

Molecular mechanisms of erectile dysfunction in type 1 and type 2 diabetic rats: a multiomics approach.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), but the shared molecular mechanisms underlying...

Epigenetic-Genetic Crosstalk at the Cancer-Diabetes Interface: Convergent Molecular Pathways, Multi-Omics Biomarkers, and Dual Therapeutic Targets.

The complex interdependence between cancer and diabetes has become a major subject of research in molecular medicine since multiple data points indica...

Predicting 1-Year Renal Outcomes in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease in CKD Stages 3 to 4: A Multimodal Machine Learning Approach Fusing Clinical Composites and Pathology Images.

Patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) at chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3 to 4 are at high risk for rapid renal function decline within 1 y...

Deep learning analysis of ECGs detects Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome burden in people with diabetes: a report from the Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome refers to the co-occurrence of obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiov...

Advanced glucose control strategies leveraging Raman spectroscopy for optimized mammalian cell culture manufacturing.

Maintaining consistent quality in the manufacturing of biotherapeutic proteins in mammalian cell culture is challenging, with unplanned deviations cau...

Animal models of idiopathic membranous nephropathy: Recent advances and future perspectives.

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is one of the main causes of adult nephrotic syndrome. A subset of untreated or inadequately treated patients ...

Real-world integration of an autonomous artificial intelligence system for diabetic retinopathy screening in an endocrinology outpatient clinic.

AIM: To evaluate a real-world clinical integration of an autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) system (AEYE Diagnostic Screening (AEYE-DS), AEYE Hea...