Diabetes

Artificial intelligence in diabetic macular edema: Expanding clinical vision.

Using artificial intelligence-assisted retinal imaging devices operated by non-specialist workers in detecting diabetic retinopathy in Sri Lanka.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes, is an important cause of preventable blindness and can cause a significant reduction in the quality of life of working-age adults. Sri Lanka has one of the highest prevalences of diabetes globally, and like many low- and middle-income countries, faces significant barriers to DR screening. Easy-to-use, relatively cheap...

Gut microbiome composition and functional potential associate with incident type 2 diabetes in 4,685 adults from a Swedish prospective cohort.

Cross-sectional studies link gut microbiome alterations to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but prospective evidence remains limited. We aim to identify taxonom...

Retinal graph neural network for segmentation of retinal vasculature and foveal avascular zone from OCTA images.

OBJECTIVES: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) causes major vision loss, requiring precise segmentation of retinal vessels and the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ)....

Integrated cell-free DNA and omics genetic scores for early detection of gestational diabetes: evidence from a nationwide multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 15.6% of pregnancies globally, with Vietnam exhibiting one of the highest prevalences at 21%. ...

Self-Reported Health Outcomes in Metabolic Health YouTube Comments: Cross-Sectional Study and Rule-Based Natural Language Processing Framework Development and Validation.

BACKGROUND: YouTube is increasingly used for healthcasting, the sharing of evidence-based dietary and lifestyle interventions by domain experts. In th...

Stress hyperglycemia ratio improves 28-day mortality prediction beyond GRACE score in critically ill patients with acute coronary syndrome: a retrospective cohort study from MIMIC-IV.

BACKGROUND: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is increasingly recognized as a reliable biomarker for adverse outcomes. However, its prognostic valu...

[Emerging classifications of cardiometabolic risk in obesity].

Obesity, historically defined by body mass index and waist circumference, is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic complications; however, these ind...

Metabolic Health is Highly Predictive of Chronic Pain Among Non-Obese Adults: Evidence from the NHANES and CHARLS Studies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) for chronic pain (CP) and to evaluate its consistency as ...

OCT-based optic neuropathy diagnosis using explainable and privacy-preserving machine learning.

Glaucoma shares similarities with neurodegenerative conditions like dementia, Parkinson's disease, and ischaemic optic neuropathy, which affect ocular...

The evolving role of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: basic science, translation, and clinical integration.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Ophthalmology has emerged as the proving ground for medical artificial intelligence (AI) because of its imaging-centric workflows, ...

Enhancing Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Through Data Augmentation and Feature Guidance: Model Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is critical for improving maternal health outcomes. However, predictive models are...

A U-Net-based multimodal deep learning model for high-precision blood glucose prediction using non-invasive physiological data.

This study proposes a novel U-Net-based convolutional neural network for blood glucose prediction by integrating historical continuous glucose monitor...

Unveiling the role of air pollution in diabetic kidney disease: an integrated study combining network toxicology, machine learning, and Mendelian randomization.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major and severe complication associated with diabetes. Air pollution is not only an independent risk factor for me...

Targeting dysregulated glycolysis in type 2 diabetic osteoporosis: Identification of a diagnostic gene signature and therapeutic validation of calcifediol.

Type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes, characterized by an increased risk of fractures. While dysregul...

Multiparametric functional MRI for early detection of renal impairment: clinical applications and future directions.

Early identification of renal impairment is critical for improving patient outcomes. Most current biochemical markers of renal function are not sensit...

Identification of diagnostic markers for diabetic kidney disease by weighted gene co‑expression network analysis and machine learning.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a major complication associated with diabetes mellitus, notably contributing to patient morbidity and mortali...

Disorganization of inner retinal layers and disruption of outer retinal layers as predictors of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment outcomes in diabetic macular edema: A scoping review.

We systematically map the evidence on optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers-mainly disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), disrupt...

Developments in the design and therapeutic applications of GSK3β inhibitors.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) has emerged as one of the most thoroughly validated therapeutic targets in modern drug discovery, with dysregulati...

Combined effects of cumulative triglyceride-glucose and blood pressure on stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a longitudinal analysis.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has increasingly been recognised an indicator for stroke risk. We aimed to explore the relationship b...