Diabetes

An explainable ensemble for diabetic retinopathy grading with a novel confidence quality factor and configurable heatmaps.

Factors and determinants of primary care to tertiary care referrals in Singapore: A multi-centre analysis using artificial intelligence-powered large language models.

BACKGROUND: As Singapore adopts a population health approach under Healthier Singapore (Healthier SG), optimizing healthcare resources is crucial. We examined referral reasons (using large language models [LLM]), wait times, and analyse factors affecting referrals from primary to tertiary care. METHODS: In 2023, 1,063,646 patient visits from seven primary care clinics in Singapore were analysed. P...

De novo biosynthesis of eriocitrin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through deep learning-guided enzyme screening and systematic metabolic engineering.

Eriocitrin, a flavanone-7-O-disaccharide known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, holds considerable promise for use in functional ...

Automated diagnosis of plus form and early stages of ROP using deep learning models.

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) represents a critical ophthalmological pathology affecting premature infants, with established associations to low bi...

Radiomics of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue and CT-FFR to Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with T2DM Complicated by CAD.

This study aims to integrate lesion-specific pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) radiomics analysis with existing clinical and imaging methods under th...

Risk stratification in diabetic kidney disease: a review of prediction models for methodological advances and clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, characterized by a complex pathoph...

Artificial intelligence approaches for non-invasive diabetes prediction using ECG signals: A systematic review.

Diabetes is a major global health challenge, with many individuals remaining undiagnosed due to the limitations of traditional screening methods. Arti...

Exploring the proprioceptive potential of joint receptors using a biomimetic robotic joint.

In neuroscience, joint receptors have traditionally been viewed as limit detectors, providing positional information only at extreme joint angles, whi...

Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair gene XRCC1 and the risk of diabetic polyneuropathy.

Integrating body composition analysis and machine learning for non-invasive identification of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a large-scale health examination-based study.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a highly prevalent liver condition closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and ...

Prediction of recurrent ischemic stroke using machine learning from real-world data.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent ischemic stroke (RIS) is a significant challenge in Malaysia, affecting approximately 33% of patients. However, studies using ar...

An enhanced diabetes prediction using an improved hybrid deep learning algorithm with mountain gazelle optimizer.

Diabetes is one of the global health challenges and requires early detection and an accurate diagnosis for the prevention of serious complications. Tr...

[Efficacy prediction of acupuncture and moxibustion combined with conventional treatment for PCOS-IR based on real-world data: machine learning and interpretability analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To construct an efficacy prediction model for polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) treated with acupuncture and moxi...

Development of machine learning-driven non-invasive diagnostic models for idiopathic membranous nephropathy in Chinese patients.

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a major cause of nephrotic syndrome and end-stage renal disease, but the gold-standard diagnost...

RenoTrue: A diabetes-specific machine learning model to estimate glomerular filtration rate for people with diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Existing methods for estimating GFR in people with diabetes have shown inaccuracies when compared to mGFR measurements. We developed and v...

AI-Guided Design of pH- and Redox-Responsive Lignin@GO@ZIF-8 Nanocarriers for Targeted Co-Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Metformin in Prostate Cancer Therapy.

Prostate cancer therapy is limited by systemic toxicity and inefficient tumor-selective delivery. Here we report a multi-stimuli-responsive nanocompos...

The Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Models in Carpal Tunnel Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has been integrated into diagnostic modalities like nerve conduction studies (NCS) and ultrasound (US) to imp...

Real-world Study of Three-gas Breath Testing Nationwide and the Association With Symptoms.

GOALS AND BACKGROUND: Hydrogen (H 2 ) breath testing (BT) is used to diagnose small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and methane (CH 4 ) to dia...

Identification of severe hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes using CGM-based machine learning: evidence from the FGM-Japan study.

BACKGROUND: Severe hypoglycemia (SH) in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; however, i...

Validation of a Trained AI Imaging Model for Detecting Diabetic Foot Deformities.

Diabetes is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, contributing to complications such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure and lower-limb am...