Primary Care

Diet & Nutrition

Latest AI and machine learning research in diet & nutrition for healthcare professionals.

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Showing 2001-2020 of 4,196 articles

OmniFood8K: Single-Image Nutrition Estimation via Hierarchical Frequency-Aligned Fusion

Accurate estimation of food nutrition plays a vital role in promoting healthy dietary habits and personalized diet management. Most existing food datasets primarily focus on Western cuisines and lack sufficient coverage of Chinese dishes, which restricts accurate nutritional estimation for Chinese meals. Moreover, many state-of-the-art nutrition prediction methods rely on depth sensors, restrictin...

Apr 14 2026 2604.12356v1

Why Invariant Risk Minimization Fails on TabularData: A Gradient Variance Solution

Machine learning models trained on observational data from one environment frequently fail when deployed in another, because standard learning algorithms exploit spurious correlations alongside causal ones. Invariant learning methods address this problem by seeking representations that support stable prediction across training environments, but their behavior on tabular data remains poorly charact...

V-Nutri: Dish-Level Nutrition Estimation from Egocentric Cooking Videos

Nutrition estimation of meals from visual data is an important problem for dietary monitoring and computational health, but existing approaches largel...

Apr 13 2026 2604.11913v1
Cyclome: Large-scale replica-exchange dynamics of 930 cyclic peptide reveal thermal stability and critical metal-binding behavior

Cyclic peptides are recognized as versatile scaffolds for therapeutic and functional applications due to their structural stability and resistance to ...

DiningBench: A Hierarchical Multi-view Benchmark for Perception and Reasoning in the Dietary Domain

Recent advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have revolutionized general visual understanding. However, their application in the food domain r...

Apr 12 2026 2604.10425v1
DietDelta: A Vision-Language Approach for Dietary Assessment via Before-and-After Images

Accurate dietary assessment is critical for precision nutrition, yet most image-based methods rely on a single pre-consumption image and provide only ...

Apr 7 2026 2604.06352v1
MedResearchBench: A Multi-Domain Benchmark for Evaluating AI Research Agents on Clinical Medical Research

The rapid advancement of AI research automation systems--including AI Scientist, data-to-paper, and Agent Laboratory--has demonstrated the potential f...

Comparison of United Kingdom (UK) and United States (U.S.) hypertension treatment status, physical activity and prospective mortality risk

Background: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline lowered diagnostic threshold for hypertension, enco...

The Generative AI Meta-Evaluation (GAME) Study Framework: Global, Regional, and Country-Specific Unequal Difficulty of High BMI Intervention

Background High body mass index (BMI) presents a serious and ongoing global health challenge. However, the difficulty of high BMI intervention has not...

A Novel Dual-Outcome Risk Calculator for Trial of Labor After Cesarean

Objective: To develop and validate a multivariable prediction model and clinically actionable risk score for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) succe...

A Multi-Dataset Transcriptomic Analysis Unravels Core Mechanisms Involving Vitamin D Metabolism and Inflammatory Pathways for Frailty Diagnosis.

Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome, and the shortage of objective biomarkers restricts its early diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed t...

From Carb Counting to Diagnosis: Real World Patient Uses and Attitudes Toward Large Language Models in Diabetes Management

Managing diabetes-related conditions is time-intensive and cognitively demanding for patients and caregivers, requiring ongoing glucose monitoring, di...

Transformer-Based Multi-Region Segmentation and Radiomic Analysis of HR-pQCT Imaging for Osteoporosis Classification

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease typically diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which quantifies areal bone mineral density but o...

Mar 10 2026 2603.09137v2
Transformer-Based Multi-Region Segmentation and Radiomic Analysis of HR-pQCT Imaging

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease typically diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which quantifies areal bone mineral density but o...

Mar 10 2026 2603.09137v1
Impact of Image Bit Depth Reduction on Deep Learning Performance in Chest Radiograph Analysis: A Multi-institutional Study

Purpose Medical imaging typically generates 12- to 16-bit formats, yet conversion to 8-bit is often required. While deep learning has been widely expl...

VIVECaption: A Split Approach to Caption Quality Improvement

Caption quality has emerged as a critical bottleneck in training high-quality text-to-image (T2I) and text-to-video (T2V) generative models. While vis...

Mar 8 2026 2603.07401v1
Relation Extraction for Diet, Non-Communicable Disease and Biomarker Associations (RECoDe): A CoDiet study

Diet plays a critical role in human health, with growing evidence linking dietary habits to disease outcomes. However, extracting structured dietary k...

Design and Rationale of the My Heart Counts Cardiovascular Health Study: a Large-Scale, Fully Digital Biobank, and Randomized Trial of Large Language Model-Driven Coaching of Physical Activity

Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. The original My Heart Counts smartphone application de...

Cognition, Lifestyles, and Environments: Quantifying the Roles of Body Physiology and the Brain

Lifestyle and environmental factors such as diet, physical activity, residential greenspace exposure, alcohol consumption, and sleep are increasingly ...

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