Diet & Nutrition

Advances in peptide applications for hard tissue repair and regeneration: multidisciplinary perspectives.

The rising prevalence of bone and dental diseases, compounded by an ageing population, underscores the urgent need for advanced materials in hard tissue repair and regeneration. Peptides, with their high specificity and bioactivity, show great potential for enhancing mineralisation and promoting hard tissue repair, but their broader value lies in their sequence-programmable capacity to regulate mi...

Residential pesticide exposure, mortality risk, and the potential mediating role of urinary metabolites: evidence from a nationally representative cohort.

Global warming has increased the risk of vector-borne diseases, leading to more widespread pesticide use. While health effects of occupational or agricultural pesticide exposure are well documented, evidence linking residential pesticide use to mortality remains limited. We examined the association between residential pesticide exposure in U.S. adults, urinary pesticide metabolites, and both all-c...

Correction to: Machine and Deep Learning Models for Preoperative Prediction of Suboptimal Clinical Response One Year after Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: Findings from the Tehran Obesity Treatment Study.

Skeletal muscle reprogramming of metabolic, ribosomal and developmental pathways contributes to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-induced adaptation in women.

BACKGROUND: Understanding how skeletal muscle responds to weight loss is crucial for developing targeted strategies to manage obesity and promote sust...

Identifying the Most Important Influencing Factors Based on Demographic Information, Nutrition, Physical Activity, Leisure Time, and Underlying Diseases in the Severity of Disease in COVID-19 Patients Using Data Mining Techniques.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of individuals worldwide and resulted in substantial mortality. Data mining and machi...

Interpretable Machine Learning for Population-Level Tooth Loss Prediction.

Machine learning can support population-level severe tooth loss (STL; ≥6 missing teeth) risk stratification; however, a lack of calibration under doma...

Cardiovascular risks of plastic-associated chemicals: Integrating mixture modeling and SHAP-explained machine learning to unravel linear and non-linear associations.

INTRODUCTION: Plastic-associated chemicals (PACs) are widely detected environmental contaminants, yet their cardiovascular relevance in the context of...

Advances in the Enzymic Synthesis of Unnatural Chiral Amino Acids.

Unnatural chiral amino acids (UCAAs), including D-amino acids and noncanonical L-amino acids, are immensely valuable chiral chemicals, which are exten...

Metabolites stratify future major depressive disorder risk in obese population: a longitudinal machine learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the risk is not uniform, highlighting the need for prec...

Identification and importance analysis of osteoporosis risk factors in perimenopausal women based on the Transformer-LSTM hybrid model and SMOTE.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the core risk factors for osteoporosis in perimenopausal women and propose an analytical framework based on th...

Diffusion models for virtual populations and pharmacometric simulations.

To evaluate diffusion model-based artificial intelligence approaches for generating virtual populations with physiological determinants of drug dosing...

A Food Data-Nutrition Intelligence Framework to Support UK Food System Transformation.

This review explores current opportunities and challenges across data, health metrics, nutrition science, digital technology and policy in the context...

Explainable Deep Learning and Targeted Spectral Augmentation for Mid-Infrared Classification of Additive-Containing Polymers.

Deep learning architectures are increasingly used for spectral classification because of their ability to achieve high prediction accuracies and adapt...

Preoperative Optimization for Ventral Hernia Repair: Augmented Evidence Review.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative optimization is widely recommended for patients undergoing ventral hernia repair. However, the clinical impact of individual ...

BMI-based prediction models for short-term and long-term mortality following coronary artery bypass grafting using the MIMIC-IV database: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between obesity (measured by Body Mass Index (BMI)) and postoperative mortality in patients un...

Phenotypic Clustering of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Insights Into Pulmonary Vascular and Cardiometabolic Co-Morbidity Trajectories.

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity, necessitating a precision medicine approach. This study...

AI and Chatbot-Supported Interventions for Physical Activity and Obesity-Related Lifestyle Behaviors: Scoping Review With Attention to Family Involvement.

BACKGROUND: AI-enabled chatbots and related conversational systems can facilitate human-computer interaction through natural language, personalization...

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting hypertension risk in patients with psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is a common yet frequently underdiagnosed comorbidity in psoriasis patients. Early identification and blood pressure control a...

Applications of generative artificial intelligence in long-term care services: A systematic review of the evidence on efficacy for improving resident health related quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) has rapidly expanded into health and social care, offering new opportunities for communication, c...

Integrative multi-omics reveals NQO1-mediated airway epithelial injury as a key mechanism of bisphenol A-induced COPD.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, but its relationship with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the underlying t...