Diet & Nutrition

Gut Microbiome in Depression with and without REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a risk factor for neurodegeneration, yet its heterogeneity makes identifying at-risk subtype challenging. Notably, MDD frequently co-occurs with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), a specific prodrome of α-synucleinopathy. It remains unclear whether comorbid MDD + RBD reflects a benign antidepressant effect, or higher neurodegenerative risk. Given growing recognit...

An interpretable ensemble learning framework for COPD classification using population-based clinical and laboratory data from NHANES.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents the third leading cause of death globally, affecting 213.39 million people, yet approximately 70% of cases remain undiagnosed due to insufficient spirometry utilization in primary care settings. METHODS: We developed machine learning-based COPD classification models using nationally representative data from 8061 participants age...

Chemical-Sensing Catheters for Long-Term and Personalized Therapeutic Management.

Long-term intravenous catheterization is vital for delivering chemotherapy to cancer patients and parenteral nutrition to those with intestinal failur...

Side-to-side differences in hip bone mineral density and associated morphological factors.

UNLABELLED: In the analysis of 82 participants using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images, side-to-side differences in hip bone mineral densi...

The food microbiome: an evolutionary architect, a modern healer, and a future shield.

The food microbiome, comprising microorganisms present in foods and fermentation, links diet, environment, and host physiology. This review examines i...

AgriOptNet: A hybrid optimization and lightweight deep learning framework for soil texture classification and crop recommendation based on nutrition.

Agriculture is a central part of human subsistence, with classification of soil texture and nutrition-based crop recommendation being the central aspe...

Integrating multi-source geoscience data with RF-weighted conditional variational autoencoders (CVAE) for porphyry copper prospectivity mapping: an application to the Ardestan district, Central Iran.

Porphyry Cu deposits in the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic belt constitute important exploration targets, yet the heterogeneous and multi-scale nature of geol...

Sex-specific predictors of lower-limb strength: an interpretable machine learning analysis of anthropometric and body composition measures.

Muscular strength is a key indicator of physical function. However, its direct laboratory assessment often requires specialized, high-cost equipment a...

Advanced prediction of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome using eight machine learning models and 24 composite indices.

AIM: This study aimed to construct and validate a machine learning classifier for cross-sectionally stratifying existing cardiovascular-kidney-metabol...

Academics' Experiences and Perceptions of ChatGPT in Nutrition and Dietetics Education: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT are increasingly influencing health sciences education, prompting renewed attention to ...

Who is at high risk of poor diet quality? A precision public health nutrition approach using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Suboptimal diet quality contributes to poor health. Numerous factors at all levels of the socioecological model intersect to influence ind...

Pre-operative concerns and post-operative satisfaction: comparing attitudes toward bariatric surgery and medication intervention for weight loss on Reddit.

BACKGROUND: Patient perceptions influence the success of bariatric surgery and pharmacologic weight loss therapies, yet many concerns never reach prov...

Bioinformatics, Machine Learning and Functional Validation Reveal Mitophagy-Related FABP5 and HMOX1 as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic disorder characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and insulin...

A feature-efficient dual-task machine learning framework for predicting bone mineral density and osteoporosis stratification in resource-constrained environments.

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disorder characterized by progressive bone mineral density (BMD) loss and structural deterioration, significantly i...

Predictive value of the uric acid to high-density cholesterol ratio (UHR) combined with intact parathyroid hormone for protein-energy wasting after incident hemodialysis: a multicenter study.

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common in incident hemodialysis patients and linked to poor outcomes. The uric acid/HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) and in...

Low vitamin D status and cardiometabolic trait clustering in a primary-care adult cohort: association analysis and exploratory explainable machine-learning classification.

BACKGROUND: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) commonly co-exists with obesity and adverse cardiometabolic traits. However, its cross-sectional a...

Relevance and Implications of Precision Nutrition to Nutrition Education and Behavior Research, Practice, and Policy.

Precision Nutrition (PN) is a rapidly evolving field, yet the implications are unknown for nutrition education and behavior. The objectives of this pe...

Anticipating the Impact of AI on Diet and Exercise Apps: Foresight Study Applying the Futures Wheel.

AI has entered the wellness space through apps and wearables. These technologies can collect real-time data, infer lifestyle patterns, and dynamically...

Natural language processing identifies symptoms predicting complete coronary artery occlusion in patients with NSTEMI.

AIMS: One in 10 patients present to the emergency department (ED) with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The 13-item ACS Symptom Checklist is...

Tail wagging cats: Veterinary implications of AI-generated video.

BACKGROUND: Generative artificial intelligence (genAI) has the capacity to create realistic and convincing animal videos; however, it must simplify an...