Emergency Medicine

Bacterial keratitis: a global review of current practices, challenges and innovations.

Bacterial keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness worldwide, with marked differences in clinical presentation and risk factors across regions. In high-income countries, contact lens use is the leading risk factor, while in low- and middle-income countries, trauma-related infections are more prevalent. Management relies on timely diagnosis and sensitivity-guided topical antibiotic therapy. ...

Deep Learning for Opportunistic Vertebral Fracture Detection on Routine Thoraco-abdominal Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review and Hierarchical Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic Meta-analysis of Patient-level Diagnostic Test Accuracy.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Vertebral fractures (VFs) are common, clinically important, and often missed on routine chest or abdominal computed tomography (CT). Deep learning (DL) may support opportunistic case-finding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies (PRISMA-DTA), we searched MEDLINE, Embase,...

Diagnostic Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence-based Automated Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Routine Care Using Nonmydriatic Fundus Images: The Silesia Diabetes-Heart Project.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a regulatory-approved (CE-marked) artificial intelligence system (RetCAD) applied to nonmydriatic c...

Deep learning-enhanced multiscale permeability prediction in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.

Predicting equivalent permeability in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is critical for optimizing hydrocarbon recovery and aquifer management yet ...

Deep learning analysis of 12-lead electrocardiograms for bloodstream infection prediction: a multi-center validation study.

BACKGROUND: Prompt diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs) is critical for antimicrobial stewardship but hindered by blood culture delays of 48 h o...

Dental Readiness Class 1 Military Personnel Are Not All the Same! A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Dental emergencies (DEs) pose a significant threat to the readiness and operational effectiveness of the U.S. military. Caries, third mo...

Automated spermatogenic staging in periodic acid-Schiff-stained testes of Sprague-Dawley rats using a deep learning model for normal and atrophied tissues.

The spermatogenic stage serves as a vital criterion for assessing normal spermatogenesis and is central to evaluating reproductive toxicity. Current m...

Combined Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Multiple Metals Exposure on Coronary Artery Disease in the US Population: An Integrated Epidemiological and Network Toxicology Study.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) emerged as a major global health burden, but the relationship between multiple metals exposure and CAD and its toxicolog...

Artificial intelligence-enhanced nurse navigation for monitoring and care of long COVID.

INTRODUCTION: Long COVID is a multisystem condition with challenging diagnosis. Nurse-navigation, a patient-centered intervention, can enhance educati...

Comparative Evaluation of Large Language Models for Surgical Case Creation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the performance of five large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT-4o (OpenAI), Claude-3.5-sonnet (Anthropic), Gemini-2.0...

Integrative machine learning and experimental validation reveal the molecular mechanisms of 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline nephrotoxicity: CD45 and cyclophilin C as early response biomarkers of renal tubular injury.

2-Bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline (BDNA), a synthetic intermediate of brominated azo dyes, poses potential nephrotoxicity risks; however, its early molecular...

Gradient-Boosting Threshold Identification for Developmental Toxicity: A BPAF Case-Study Framework for Early-Stage Risk Assessment.

Polymers are essential to modern infrastructure, yet their dependence on persistent chemical additives continues to raise unresolved environmental and...

Estimation of cycloplegic spherical refraction from non-cycloplegic clinical and biometric data in children using machine learning: a retrospective pilot study for screening triage.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate non-cycloplegic clinical and biometric models for estimating cycloplegic spherical power (DS), spherical equivalent...

Artificial intelligence-guided clavicle fracture detection on plain radiographs: A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study.

Extensive research exists on artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted fracture detection in various anatomical regions, but clavicle fractures remain com...

The diagnostic and predictive value of AI-combined multilayer spiral CT for MACE after emergency PCI in STEMI patients: A prospective cohort study.

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients remain at substantial risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) following emerge...

Sensitivity gains under theoretical AI assistance in paediatric elbow fracture detection: a methodological concern and clinical implications.

This letter discusses methodological considerations arising from the study by Da Costa et al. on deep learning-assisted fracture detection in paediatr...

Integrative network toxicology and single-cell analysis implicates a potential TGFBR1-centered fibroblast remodeling axis in Benzo[a]pyrene-related atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), an air pollution-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, may intersect with molecular pathways relevant to atrial f...

Augmenting Pediatric Care With Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Responsibilities for Nurse Practitioners.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a critical tool for nurse practitioners delivering pediatric and adolescent and young adult (A...

Deep learning in acute ischemic stroke imaging: a systematic review of CT- and MRI-based segmentation, triage, and prognostic modeling.

BACKGROUND: Acute ischemic stroke is a time-critical neurological emergency in which imaging directly influences diagnosis, treatment eligibility, tis...

Assessing the clinical reliability of deep learning for vertebral fracture detection: a two-surgeon commentary.