Emergency Medicine

Trustworthy artificial intelligence for rural health care.

Regional, rural and remote Australians experience poorer health outcomes and substantially higher rates of suicide and self-harm than those in major cities. Artificial intelligence could support earlier identification of distress, safer triage and more timely care alongside telehealth and clinical decision support, but only if it is treated as a health intervention with explicit safety nets and in...

Nurse-Led Large Language Model Chatbot for Predicting and Preventing Complications After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Thirty-day unplanned readmission following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) affects 10%-20% of patients and is a key quality indicator, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where access to cardiac rehabilitation is limited. Existing risk models are static, lack real-time engagement, and no validated large language model (LLM)-based clinical decision support (C...

AI in Disaster Medicine: Scoping Review of Methods, Validation, and System Integration.

BACKGROUND: AI is increasingly proposed as a tool to enhance disaster medicine through improved situational awareness, decision support, and resource ...

Nonoperating room anesthesia in the ICU: current practice and considerations.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: ICU procedures are increasingly complex, often requiring deeper sedation or general anesthesia, and are increasingly performed at t...

Predicting Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury Using Machine Learning Models Among Patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania: A Registry-Based Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major global health burden, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) w...

AI-assisted post-mortem classification of vehicle trauma in free-roaming cats using transformer-based large language models.

Veterinary forensic science is a specialized discipline that investigates non-natural animal deaths and injuries. Determining the cause of death in fr...

Ambient air temperature and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A national case-crossover study.

INTRODUCTION: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health concern. Roughly 300,000 cases occur annually in Europe; overall survival is 11%...

Common Challenges in Predicting Opioid-related Outcomes Using Machine Learning.

Machine learning (ML) models have been commonly utilized to predict various opioid-related outcomes and risks, including post-operative opioid use, op...

Comparison of Machine Learning and Logistic Regression in Predicting Mortality from Acute Poisoning in Young Adults: A Multicenter Study Identifying Herbicide Exposure as the Predominant Risk Determinant.

OBJECTIVE: Compare the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms and traditional logistic regression in predicting the mortality risk of young pati...

Real-time clinical decision support system for early identification of infection and sepsis in the intensive care unit: a retrospective development and prospective deployment study.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis and infection are distinct yet overlapping conditions in the intensive care unit (ICU), posing diagnostic and management challenges...

Impact of guideline-based prompting on the large language model performance in dental trauma management clinical decision-making.

This study evaluated the impact of guideline-based prompting on the performance of large language models (LLMs) in answering dental trauma-related que...

Construction and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Very Low Birthweight Infants.

OBJECTIVE: Very low birthweight infants (VLBWIs) are at high risk of pulmonary hemorrhage, yet practical and effective early prediction tools remain l...

Integrating network toxicology, machine learning, and single-cell sequencing systems to analyze autophagy core genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

The heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma lead to poor prognosis. Autophagy, as a key cellular process, interacts wi...

Deep learning electrocardiogram analysis for rapid rule-out of acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department: a multicenter diagnostic accuracy study.

BACKGROUND: Rapid and accurate exclusion of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients presenting with chest pain remains a major clinical challenge. D...

Temporal Drivers of Opioid-Related ED Visits: An Ensemble Machine Learning Study With Consensus-Based Feature Attribution.

Identification of modifiable risk factors for prescription opioid use disorder (OUD)-related emergency department (ED) visits (ICD-10 F11.xx) is a cli...

Delay and Attrition in Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Four-Checkpoint Systematic Review of Pathway Bottlenecks and Interventions.

The care pathway for severe aortic stenosis (AS) remains vulnerable to diagnostic delay, referral inertia, undertreatment, and procedural waiting time...

A multimodal prediction model for brain hematoma expansion based on deep neural network with transformer-driven collaborative attention fusion.

Hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is strongly associated with death and disability, so accurate earl...

Predictive accuracy of a general-purpose artificial intelligence model for cut-out following proximal femoral nailing.

INTRODUCTION: Cut-out is the most consequential mechanical complication after proximal femoral nailing and requires prompt recognition. General-purpos...

An Evaluation of AI-Generated Clinical Notes in the OpenNotes Era: A Thematic Analysis of Clinician Discourse.

BACKGROUND: The integration of ambient artificial intelligence (AI) scribes into the OpenNotes environment presents a profound governance crisis in he...

Risk Stratification for Postpartum Hemorrhage in Vaginal Delivery: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Predelivery and Intrapartum Risk Assessment.

AIM: To develop and validate machine learning models for clinically applicable risk stratification of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in vaginal delivery,...