Emergency Medicine

Zebrafish Behavioral Phenotyping: Current Assays, Automated Platforms, and the Emerging Need for AI in Neuroscience, Drug Discovery and Toxicology.

Over the past two decades, zebrafish have become an increasingly prominent model organism for basic research, drug discovery, and toxicology. Its advantages combine low cost, high throughput amenability, high gene homology to humans, genetic flexibility and widespread use in academia. This animal model combines the ease of use of smaller animals (such as C. elegans and D. melanogaster) with the co...

A rapid total-body PET imaging approach for pediatric patients using non-attenuation-corrected PET scans.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric lymphoma patients undergo multiple 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations for staging and response assessment, raising concerns about cumulative radiation dose, particularly from the CT component. We propose SnapPET, a CT-sparing deep learning-based framework that uses 2D ultra-short non-attenuation-corrected (NAC) PET (Maximum intensity projection) MIP images to generate 2D high-qualit...

Prediction of 30-Day All-Cause Hospital Readmissions Using Limited Structured Electronic Health Record Data: Retrospective Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND: Unplanned hospital readmissions represent a critical operational and financial challenge for health care systems in the United States, wit...

Developing and validating a sequence-aware deep learning model for infection risk prediction in home care.

BACKGROUND: Infections are a leading cause of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in home care. Existing prediction tools often unde...

Rising prevalence of drone attacks in warfare and terrorism and the implications for medical management of major incidents.

As drone technology advances, the likelihood of their use in terrorism increases. The emergence of artificial intelligence-controlled drone swarms and...

AI assisted detection of large vessel occlusion on non-contrast CT: multinational validation and reader study.

OBJECTIVE: Early detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) on non-contrast CT (NCCT) could accelerate stroke triage, but NCCT based artificial intelli...

Automated orbital wall fracture detection and severity classification of ocular injuries using deep learning.

Orbital fractures are frequently encountered in maxillofacial trauma and can be associated with severe globe injuries (SGI). Accurate and timely diagn...

Random Forest Model for the Prediction of Herbal-Induced Liver Injury: Application to Molecules from the West African Pharmacopoeia.

Herbal medicines play a crucial role in primary healthcare across West Africa, yet their potential for liver toxicity remains poorly documented. Predi...

Exploring a Large Language Model-Based Chatbot Use in Data Analysis: A Case Study of the Problems Related to the Do Not Attempt Resuscitation Order.

The interpretative framework was used to explore how healthcare professionals (HCPs), artificial intelligence (AI), and researchers construct and nego...

Uncovering Topics in Dutch Patient Messages in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparative Study of Embedding Models for Neural Topic Modeling.

This study applied natural language processing to identify common topics in 12,054 Dutch patient-provider messages in inflammatory bowel disease. Usin...

A Tool for Virtual Nursing Utilization in Emergency Reception: An Exploratory Machine Learning Approach.

As virtual nursing (VN) gains traction as a scalable solution to support hospital workflows, identifying patients best suited for VN admission assessm...

Empirical Comparison of Causal Machine Learning and Post-Hoc AI Interpretability Models for Risk Factor Analysis: An Application to Medical Specialty Choice.

How medical students choose specialties shapes access to care. Prior work mostly describes patterns; newer prediction tools can rank influential facto...

Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Prevention in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Technical Review of Tethering and Adjunctive Strategies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF) remain significant complications after long-segmen...

Automated abdominal aortic calcification, muscle health and incident falls: the UK Biobank Imaging Study.

Emerging evidence suggests that vascular disease is linked with poorer muscle strength and higher falls risk. We evaluated the association between abd...

AI-Enhanced Nanophotonic Heterochain Sensor Enables Multiplexed Biomarker Detection across Serum, Urine, and Saliva for Stroke Differentiation.

Background: Rapid and accurate identification of stroke subtype is critical for timely intervention, yet current diagnostic assays are limited by long...

Evaluating Postpartum Hemorrhage Transfusion Risk with a Machine Learning Model for Informed Consent: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum hemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion is a concern for patients and clinicians. Postpartum hemorrhage risk and mode of deliv...

Impact of COVID-19-related data drift on machine-learning prognostic models predicting 30-day opioid-related emergency department visits, hospitalisation or mortality: a population-level administrative data study in Alberta, Canada.

OBJECTIVE: To develop machine-learning (ML) models during the COVID-19 pandemic and adjacent time periods to evaluate the impact of data drift on mode...

Comment on "Integrating machine learning into fracture liaison services: toward precision risk stratification in osteoporosis care: a prospective cohort study".

In silico augmentation strategies for enhanced machine learning performance in fracture recognition.

This study presents a machine learning framework for fracture risk prediction and in silico validation of synthetic biomedical data. A retrospective d...

Innovations in pediatric imaging: a scoping review of the past decade with case illustrations.

BACKGROUND: Imaging plays a fundamental and increasing role in the diagnostic work-up of pediatric patients. Non-invasive imaging methods include ultr...