Emergency Medicine

Persistent dysmorphology and dysfunction of the brain microvasculature following repeated trauma.

Mild traumatic brain injury typically produces no abnormalities on neuroimaging yet elicits symptoms that, in an increasing fraction of survivors, linger for years, particularly with recurring injuries. To elucidate the underlying biological substrates, we leveraged two-photon fluorescence microscopy resonant scanning and our recently developed deep-learning based pipeline to evaluate the cerebrov...

Deep Learning in Vertebral Fracture Detection: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Subject- vs. Vertebra-Level Approaches.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To provide a context-aware evaluation of deep learning algorithms for vertebral fracture detection by disentangling subject-level from vertebra-level approaches, quantifying the influence of key technical and methodological factors, and generating evidence to guide task-specific clinical use and standardized reporting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this PRISMA‑compliant revie...

Wildfire smoke and dengue burden in Brazil: Evidence from a nationwide study.

Wildfire fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an emerging health concern, yet its effects on mosquito-borne diseases, particularly dengue, remain unclea...

Artificial Intelligence in Prostate MRI: Addressing Current Limitations Through Emerging Technologies.

Prostate MRI has transformed lesion detection and risk stratification in prostate cancer, but its impact is constrained by the high cost of the exam, ...

Precision medicine in Moyamoya vasculopathy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Moyamoya vasculopathy is a progressive cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease with variable presentation. As revascularization tec...

Creating Virtual Stroke Networks: Current and Future Role of Artificial Intelligence, Mobile Imaging Applications, and Telehealth in Triage and Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists.

Rapid evaluation, triage, and transport of patients with stroke for thrombolytics, thrombectomy, and other acute treatments have become a vital part o...

When used for veterinary triage, artificial intelligence models recognise emergencies but are more likely than veterinary staff to flag non-urgent cases as urgent.

BACKGROUND: This study assesses the capability of ChatGPT and nurses in accurately triaging emergency patients compared to veterinarians. METHODS: Ret...

Bot vs. doc-who is better at reading proximal humerus fracture x-rays?

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly utilized as a source of convenient, efficient, and cost-effective information. Considerin...

Enhancing identification confidence in non-targeted screening of emerging contaminants via an ensemble retention time prediction model: Applications in screening and ecological risk assessment.

The increasing emerging contaminants (ECs) pose significant challenges to non-targeted screening (NTS) and annotation. Machine learning-based retentio...

Enhancing vertebral fracture prediction using multitask deep learning computed tomography imaging of bone and muscle.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and externally validate a computed tomography (CT)-based multitask learning model to predict fracture risk. MATERIALS AND METHO...

Development of an explainable machine learning model to reproduce and interpret expert pharmacological decisions in osteoporosis treatment.

The management of osteoporosis in real-world clinical practice is highly heterogeneous, reflecting the complexity and variability inherent in therapeu...

Wildfire-sourced PM2.5 and cause-specific emergency department visits in Victoria, Australia from 2014 to 2019.

Wildfires-sourced (WS) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to adversely impact human health, while evidence regarding the burden of emergency dep...

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Surgery: From Diagnostics and Preoperative Planning to Risk Stratification: A Comprehensive Review of Current Applications.

OBJECTIVE: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly explored in pediatric surgical care, yet its translation into diagnostics and preoperative pla...

Secretary or SecretarAI: assessing the triage performance of AI vs human staff in a specialized dental clinic.

OBJECTIVE: Effective patient triage in specialized clinics is crucial for managing long waiting lists and mitigating clinical risk. This is often perf...

Development and validation of a novel orthopedic blood use prediction model incorporating lab tests and thromboelastography.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a prediction model integrating laboratory parameters and thromboelastography (TEG) for forecasting blood transfusio...

Artificial intelligence powered mobile health apps for skin cancer detection: current challenges and a systems thinking approach for improved public health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries.

Artificial intelligence (AI) powered mobile health (mHealth) apps are emerging as vital self-triage tools for skin cancer detection. By utilizing smar...

Comparative Performance of YOLO Models in the Automated Segmentation of Dental Traumas on Panoramic Radiographs.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the performance of artificial intelligence-based deep convolutional neural networks, YOLOv8, YOLOv11, and YOLOv...

Deep Learning Model for Differentiating Between Neoplastic Pathologic Fracture and Nonpathologic Fracture Using Hip Radiographs.

BACKGROUND: Although radiographs are the first-line imaging modality, differentiating between neoplastic pathologic fractures and nonpathologic fractu...

An Algorithm to Avoid Missed Bowel Injuries in Blunt Abdominal Trauma Patients.

UNLABELLED: Bowel injuries following blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) are evasive to detect clinically and with current imaging modalities. These injuries...

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence for facial fracture detection: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models for detecting facial bone fractures on computed tomography (C...