Emergency Medicine

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery: history and current development.

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) represents an innovative advancement in minimally invasive surgery, utilizing natural body orifices to access the peritoneal cavity to minimize surgical trauma, reduce postoperative pain, and avoid visible scars. Since its inception, NOTES has faced challenges such as technical complexity and securing safe access closure, which initially limi...

Harnessing AI for Improved Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Sepsis: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to early recognition and management of rapidly progressive, community-acquired pediatric sepsis, a leading cause of childhood mortality. The broad adoption of electronic health records combined with rapid advances in digital technologies have enabled the federated training of both knowledge-driven AI, known as expert systems, trained by teams of collab...

Identifying real time surveillance indicators to estimate COVID-19 hospital admissions in Colorado during and after the public health emergency.

Questions remain about how best to focus surveillance efforts for COVID-19 and other emerging respiratory diseases. We used an archive of COVID-19 dat...

Machine learning to improve predictive performance of prehospital early warning scores.

Early warning scores are used to assess acute patients' risk of being in a critical situation, allowing for early appropriate treatment, avoiding crit...

Optimization of the heat recovery performance of enhanced geothermal system based on PSO-GA-BP neural networks and analytic hierarchy process.

Numerical simulation is the most commonly used method to predict the power generation capacity of EGS during geothermal energy extraction. However, it...

Automatic pain classification in older patients with hip fracture based on multimodal information fusion.

Given the limitations of unimodal pain recognition approaches, this study aimed to develop a multimodal pain recognition system for older patients wit...

Machine learning and transformer models for prediction of postoperative pneumonia risk in patients with lower limb fractures.

Postoperative pneumonia, a prevalent complication arising from lower limb fracture surgery, can significantly prolong hospitalization periods and elev...

Assessment of spatial autocorrelation and scalability in fine-scale wildfire random forest prediction models.

Wildfire prediction models that can be applied across diverse regions at fine scales (< 100 m) are critical for wildfire management. Remote sensing of...

Formulation of low temperature mixed mode crack propagation behavior of crumb rubber modified HMA using artificial intelligence.

Determining mixed mode fracture parameters asphalt concrete mixtures remains an engineering challenge due to non-homogeneity and inelasticity of the m...

Automatic recognition and differentiation of pulmonary contusion and bacterial pneumonia based on deep learning and radiomics.

BACKGROUND: In clinical work, there are difficulties in distinguishing pulmonary contusion(PC) from bacterial pneumonia(BP) on CT images by the naked ...

Comparison of AI-generated and clinician-designed multiple-choice questions in emergency medicine exam: a psychometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in generating multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for medical education, yet the psychometric ...

Enhancing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival in China through the 5-minute social rescue circle implementation.

BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival in China remains critically low due to limited bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR...

In vitro to in vivo translation of artificial intelligence for clinical use: screening for acute coronary syndrome to identify ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: The integration of predictive models into live clinical care requires scientific testing before implementation to ensure patient safety. We...

HEalth Record Optimization for Identifying Candidates for HIV PRe-Exposure Prophylaxis: A Community-Informed Approach to Model Development.

Electronic health record (EHR)-based models to identify individuals who may benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outperform traditional risk s...

Climate Change Impact on Human-Rodent Interfaces: Modeling Junin Virus Reservoir Shifts.

The drylands vesper mouse (Calomys musculinus) is the primary host for Junin mammarenavirus (JUNV), the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fev...

ChatGPT-Assisted Deep Learning Models for Influenza-Like Illness Prediction in Mainland China: Time Series Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Influenza in mainland China results in a large number of outpatient and emergency visits related to influenza-like illness (ILI) annually....

Development of a Cohesive Predictive Model for Substance Use Disorder Rehabilitation Using Passive Digital Biomarkers, Psychological Assessments, and Automated Facial Emotion Recognition: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Substance use disorder (SUD) involves excessive substance consumption and persistent reward-seeking behaviors, leading to serious physical...

Developing interpretable machine learning models to predict length of stay and disposition decision for adult patients in emergency departments.

OBJECTIVE: Machine learning (ML) models have emerged as tools to predict length of stay (LOS) and disposition decision (DD) in emergency departments (...

Mechanical properties of graphene oxide from machine-learning-driven simulations.

Graphene oxide (GO) materials have complex chemical structures that are linked to their macroscopic properties. Here we show that first-principles sim...

Elucidating environmental fate and toxicological mechanisms of ultrashort- and short-chain PFAS: Integrating machine learning, molecular modeling, and experimental validation.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), due to their recalcitrance, toxicity, and widespread environmental distribution, have emerged as a critica...