Endocrinology

Systematic Comparison of Heatmapping Techniques in Deep Learning in the Context of Diabetic Retinopathy Lesion Detection.

PURPOSE: Heatmapping techniques can support explainability of deep learning (DL) predictions in medical image analysis. However, individual techniques have been mainly applied in a descriptive way without an objective and systematic evaluation. We investigated comparative performances using diabetic retinopathy lesion detection as a benchmark task.

Histoplasmosis: An Unusual Cause of Adrenal Insufficiency.

OBJECTIVE: Adrenal insufficiency (AI), if not diagnosed in a timely manner, can lead to fatal outcomes. Here we describe an unusual case of AI secondary to disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) and the importance of being aware of the association of infections and AI.

Clinical Case Report: Dissociation of Clinical Course of Coexisting Autoimmune Hepatitis and Graves Disease.

OBJECTIVE: Concurrent autoimmune disorders, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), with Graves disease have been reported. Glucocorticoids can simultan...

Nonseminomatous Germ-Cell Tumor Presenting as Bilateral Adrenal Masses.

OBJECTIVE: Many tumors can metastasize to the adrenal glands, making the diagnosis of adrenal masses challenging. Awareness that rare primary tumors c...

Increased Thyroid-Hormone Requirements Consistent With Type 3 Deiodinase Induction Related to Ibrutinib in a Thyroidectomized Woman.

OBJECTIVE: Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are chemotherapeutic agents associated with increased thyroid-hormone requirements and altered deiodinase...

Development of Inappropriate Vasopressin Secretion in Association With Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage in an Adult With Traumatic Basilar Skull Fracture.

OBJECTIVE: Hyponatremia associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is primarily limited to pediatric patients. Only 1 case in an adult, after ...

Nelson Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

OBJECTIVE: Nelson syndrome (NS) is a rare clinical disorder that can occur after total bilateral adrenalectomy (TBA), performed as a treatment for Cus...

Cushing's Disease as a Result of Two ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Tumors.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to present a case of Cushing's disease (CD) with 2 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors. Multiple...

Development and Validation of a Novel LC-MS/MS Assay for C-Peptide in Human Serum.

INTRODUCTION: C-peptide is used as a marker of endogenous insulin secretion in the assessment of residual β-cell function in diabetes and in the diagn...

Machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) approach to predict early progression to first-line treatment in real-world hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapies are the current standard of care in the first-line treatment of HR+/HER2-negative metastatic br...

Systems Approach to Pathogenic Mechanism of Type 2 Diabetes and Drug Discovery Design Based on Deep Learning and Drug Design Specifications.

In this study, we proposed a systems biology approach to investigate the pathogenic mechanism for identifying significant biomarkers as drug targets a...

Unusual Endocrinopathies in 18q Deletion Syndrome: Pseudoparathyroidism and Hyper-/Hypo-Thyroidism.

OBJECTIVE: To describe new and unusual endocrinopathies in children with de novo 18q deletion (18q-) syndrome.

Segmentation and classification of thyroid follicular neoplasm using cascaded convolutional neural network.

In this paper, we present a segmentation and classification method for thyroid follicular neoplasms based on a combination of the prior-based level se...

Early Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in IVF-Conceived Pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This study aimed to identify early and reliable...

Outcomes of surgical and/or medical treatment in patients with prolactinomas during long-term follow-up: a retrospective single-centre study.

OBJECTIVES: Prolactinoma is the most common cause of pituitary tumours. Current medical guidelines recommend dopamine agonists (cabergoline or bromocr...

Artificial Intelligence in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsies.

BACKGROUND: From cell phones to aerospace, artificial intelligence (AI) has wide-reaching influence in the modern age. In this review, we discuss the ...

Prognostic Value of Serum Thyroglobulin Measured at 48 Hours Versus 72 Hours after Second Dose of Recombinant Human Thyrotropin in Surveillance of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The sensitivity of thyroglobulin (Tg) to detect differentiated thyroid cancer recurrence increases with the rise of the thyrotropin level. ...

Longitudinal Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Nationwide Screening Program: Comparing Deep Learning and Human Graders.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening via deep learning (DL) and trained human graders (HG) in a longitudinal cohort, as case spe...

Potential predictors of type-2 diabetes risk: machine learning, synthetic data and wearable health devices.

BACKGROUND: The aim of a recent research project was the investigation of the mechanisms involved in the onset of type 2 diabetes in the absence of fa...

Detection of Snore from OSAHS Patients Based on Deep Learning.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is extremely harmful to the human body and may cause neurological dysfunction and endocrine dysfunct...