Endocrinology

An Unusual Case of Metastatic Functional Thyroid Carcinoma With a Remarkable Treatment Response to Radioactive Iodine.

Functional thyroid carcinoma is an unusual cause of thyrotoxicosis. We describe the clinical presentation and treatment of a patient with thyrotoxicosis due to functional thyroid carcinoma and Graves disease, and discuss potential mechanisms causing the thyrotoxicosis. A 79-year-old woman with a remote history of hemithyroidectomy and current hyperthyroidism came to the hospital with upper and low...

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy symptoms detection and classification using neural network.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes blindness in the working age for people with diabetes in most countries. The increasing number of people with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR will continue to be major contributors to vision loss. Early detection of retinopathy progress in individuals with diabetes is critical for preventing visual loss. Non-proliferative DR (NPDR) is an early stage of DR. More...

The potential for interaction of tolbutamide with pomegranate juice against diabetic induced complications in rats.

BACKGROUND: Pomegranate can inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 activity, which is largely responsible for the metabolism of sulfonylureas. The present ...

Ultrasound image-based thyroid nodule automatic segmentation using convolutional neural networks.

PURPOSE: Delineation of thyroid nodule boundaries from ultrasound images plays an important role in calculation of clinical indices and diagnosis of t...

Prediction of CML contents in the Maillard reaction products for casein-monosaccharides model.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to predict the processing parameters of the casein-glucose/galactose Maillard reaction (MR) for determi...

Serum Testosterone Concentrations Remain Stable Between Injections in Patients Receiving Subcutaneous Testosterone.

PURPOSE: Intramuscular (IM) testosterone is the most common modality for testosterone therapy of both male hypogonadism and female-to-male (FTM) gende...

Calcifediol Rather Than Cholecalciferol for a Patient Submitted to Malabsortive Bariatric Surgery: A Case Report.

Vitamin D deficiency following malabsorptive bariatric surgery can lead to osteomalacia. We report a patient with severe vitamin D deficiency followin...

Machine Learning Algorithms for Risk Prediction of Severe Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Children.

The identification of indicators for severe HFMD is critical for early prevention and control of the disease. With this goal in mind, 185 severe and 3...

Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of Ring Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) as Anti-Breast Cancer Agents.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women, resulting in more than half a million deaths worldwide every year. Although chemotherapeuti...

Vitamin D Treatment in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis may Decrease the Development of Hypothyroidism.

The relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and vitamin D has been demonstrated in several studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ...

A Novel Case of Somatic Mutation in Pediatric-Onset Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma.

Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), a subtype of primary aldosteronism, is a common cause of secondary hypertension in adults. Somatic mutations hav...

Defining and characterizing the critical transition state prior to the type 2 diabetes disease.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with increased risk of serious long-term complications, currently represents 8.3% of the adult population...

Leveraging syntax to better capture the semantics of elliptical coordinated compound noun phrases.

Full-text scientific articles are increasingly available, but capturing the meaning conveyed within an article automatically remains a bottleneck for ...

Impairment of Thyroid Function in Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Units.

Unexplained hypotension in the intensive care unit is commonly attributed to volume depletion, cardiorespiratory failure, sepsis, or relative adrenal ...

Comparative Simulation Study of Glucose Control Methods Designed for Use in the Intensive Care Unit Setting via a Novel Controller Scoring Metric.

BACKGROUND: Effective glucose control in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality rates and thereby...

Applying artificial intelligence to disease staging: Deep learning for improved staging of diabetic retinopathy.

PURPOSE: Disease staging involves the assessment of disease severity or progression and is used for treatment selection. In diabetic retinopathy, dise...

NIRCa: An artificial neural network-based insulin resistance calculator.

BACKGROUND: Direct measurement of insulin sensitivity in children with type 1 diabetes is cumbersome and time consuming.

Data mining and pathway analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase with natural language processing.

Human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a crucial enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, and serves an important role in biosynthesis and ...

Machine learning techniques for diabetic macular edema (DME) classification on SD-OCT images.

BACKGROUND: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) (SD-OCT) is most widely imaging equipment used in ophthalmology to detect diabetic macu...

Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia, and Mitochondria Dysfunction in Nonobese Girls With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Obese girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have decreased insulin sensitivity (IS), muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and increased...