Endocrinology

Regional disparities and metabolic determinants of type 2 diabetes in women aged 55 and older.

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term trends, regional disparities, determinants, and quality of care for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among women aged 55 years or above worldwide. METHODS: Using Global Burden of Disease 2023 data, we quantified incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to T2DM among women aged 55 years or above from 1990 to 2023. Temporal trends we...

Topology-preserving, diameter-specific framework for conjunctival vessel segmentation and tortuosity analysis in diabetes.

Diabetes is associated with progressive microvascular remodelling, commonly assessed using retinal imaging, yet alternative non-invasive vascular biomarkers remain underexplored. Conjunctival vessels are directly visible and may reflect systemic microvascular changes; however, reliable quantification is challenged by the need to preserve vascular topology during segmentation. In this work, we intr...

An interpretable progressive residual network for automated multiclass diabetes diagnosis.

Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most widespread and burdensome chronic diseases worldwide, yet invasive assays and high costs constrain early det...

The association between triglyceride glucose-frailty index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a national prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) poses a growing global health burden, yet few studies have combined the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) in...

A multicenter-validated interpretable transformer model for pituitary microadenoma detection on non-contrast multiparametric MRI.

BACKGROUND: Detecting pituitary microadenomas using non-contrast multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging yet essential for cl...

Smart label-free SPR biosensing platform for hemoglobin and urine glucose detection via machine learning.

This article presents the design and the numerical analysis of a smart label-free Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor to detect the concentration o...

Medicinal Plants and the Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Chronic Diseases Modulation: A Structured Mechanistic and Translational Review.

The gut microbiome supports digestion, immunity, and metabolism; its imbalance (dysbiosis) drives inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, contributing...

Machine learning-based prediction model for Fear of progression in thyroid cancer survivors.

OCT biomarkers in patients with diabetic macular edema treated with dexamethasone implant.

Beyond conventional OCT-based morphological classifications of diabetic macular edema (DME), an expanding range of OCT-derived biomarkers has been ide...

Identification of COL5A1 and TGFBI as key basement membrane genes and their molecular mechanisms in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, but the role of the basement membrane (BM) in GDM is not well understoo...

Machine Learning Interpretability to Assess the Association Between Time in Tight Range and Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock.

BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a critical condition of end-organ hypoperfusion with high mortality. Fluctuations in blood glucose (BG) levels m...

SORBS2: A Molecular Nexus in Multisystem Diseases Through Scaffold-Mediated Regulation.

Sorbin and SH3 Domain Containing 2 (SORBS2), a multifunctional scaffold protein harbouring Sorbin homology (SoHo) and Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, se...

Hypoglycaemia Risk Prediction Models for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The growing number of hypoglycaemia risk prediction models for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underscores the need for systematic evaluat...

Environmental Exposures and Neuroimaging in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Scoping Review.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have...

Current Status of Smart Technology Applications and Food Safety Implications in Precision Millet Fermentation: A Critical Review.

Millet fermentation has gained significant attention due to its numerous health benefits, owing to its higher dietary fiber and gluten-free properties...

Trends in accuracy management of continuous glucose monitoring systems.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has markedly advanced diabetes care by enabling real-time visualization of glycaemic variability, prevention of hy...

Integrated plasma proteomics and metabolomics reveal immunometabolic pathways and predictive signatures for age-related eye diseases.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Age-related eye diseases (AREDs) share aging as a major risk factor, but the systemic molecular changes preceding disease onset r...

Machine learning-enhanced plasma proteomics discriminates pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes from type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently preceded by new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), yet differentiating PDAC-associated DM from type...

Explainable prediction of MDR/RR-TB in tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus multimorbidity: a machine learning model developed and validated in a dual-center study.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus (TB-DM) multimorbidity significantly increases the risk of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tubercu...

Multi-scale evidence chain: Linking environmental BPA exposure to ovarian cancer through integrated omics and experimental models.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a leading cause of female cancer mortality. Beyond genetic and reproductive risk factors, emerging evidence suggest...