Endocrinology

Identification of exosomal miRNA-based predictive signatures for gestational diabetes mellitus via multi-algorithm machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, leading to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs) have emerged as promising noninvasive biomarkers due to their stability and regulatory roles in glucose metabolism. However, robust diagnostic models integrating exo-miRNAs profiles for early prediction of GDM remain lac...

Opportunistic screening for incident cardiometabolic disease in metabolically healthy non-obese individuals: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Metabolically healthy non-obese (MHN) individuals are considered at low cardiometabolic risk, yet a subset may harbor unfavorable visceral adiposity not captured by conventional anthropometric measures, including waist circumference (WC) and BMI. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 22,040 UK Biobank participants (median follow-up 4.2 years [interquartile range 3.4-5.6])...

Explicit Inclusion of Diabetes Mellitus Without Retinopathy Within Diabetic Retinopathy Prediction.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether explicitly modeling diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) as its own sta...

Unraveling the adverse outcome pathways of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease triggered by environmental mixtures via biological knowledge-driven machine learning.

Environmental pollutant mixtures are potential risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), yet their joint effe...

Insulin resistance surrogate indices and incident cardiovascular disease across cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic stages 0-3: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently proposed the concept of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, highlighting the str...

Developing a machine learning model to predict renal function decline within three years using one-year longitudinal data in patients with type 2 diabetes.

AIMS: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has led to an increase in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is presently a major...

Naturalistic driving data can identify elevated driving risk in adults with Type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) may experience acute glucose events, such as hypoglycemia and severe hyperglycemia, that c...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Sperm Retrieval Outcomes in Patients With Klinefelter Syndrome: A Multicenter Study With External Validation.

BACKGROUND: The Klinefelter syndrome is a common genetic cause of male infertility, and testicular sperm extraction (TESE) enables sperm retrieval in ...

Artificial intelligence for child health: current capabilities and the next frontier.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping paediatric healthcare, offering new capabilities across diagnosis, monitoring and treatment personalisation....

Advances, challenges, and opportunities in engineering C5 and C6 sugar transporters in yeast for bio-based industrial biotechnology.

Harnessing biomass for bio-based industrial biotechnology is vital for addressing global energy needs and mitigating climate change. In this context, ...

Clock gene signature predicts insomnia and links to sleep/circadian parameters.

Chronic Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that remains difficult to diagnose due to subjective symptoms and heterogeneous presentations. The most...

Attention augmented feature fusion in a hybrid CNN-transformer for fine-grained diabetic retinopathy severity grading.

Despite the advent of automated diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity grading from retinal fundus images, it remains challenging because of class imbalan...

Decision tree-based prediction of 5-year weight trajectories after bariatric surgery in adolescents and young adults: a retrospective cohort study from France and Sweden.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic-bariatric surgery is an efficient therapy in selected adolescents with severe obesity. However, predicting the postoperative wei...

Data Augmentation via Digital Twins to Develop Personalized Deep Learning Glucose Prediction Algorithms for Type 1 Diabetes in Poor Data Context.

OBJECTIVE: Accurately predicting glucose levels is essential for effectively managing type 1 diabetes (T1D), a chronic condition in which the body can...

Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction Improves Image Quality in Canine Cranial Abdominal MRI: A Prospective Pilot Study.

The application of deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recently introduced in human and veterinary m...

Predicting the Complex, Multilevel Ecology of US County-Level Diabetes Prevalence: A Cross-Sectional, Artificial Intelligence Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes and its risk factors are embedded in a complex multilevel ecology. Upstream factors (i.e., 'forcing factors' that refer to fundam...

Pinoresinol diglucoside from Eucommia ulmoides attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through suppressing the store-operated calcium entry and downregulating the STIM1/Orai1/NFAT3 signaling pathway.

Pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), an active component derived from Eucommia ulmoides, exhibits therapeutic effects against apoptosis, inflammation, and h...

Detection of Honey Adulteration Using Thermorheological and Spectroscopic Analyses: Independent Evaluation With Linear Latent-Variable and Gradient Boosting Models.

Honey adulteration is a prevalent economic fraud that demands robust and reliable detection methods. In this study, a proof-of-concept was developed o...

Polygon-Aware Deep Learning Framework for Meal-Level Nutrition Estimation From Food Images.

Accurate estimation of meal-level nutritional content from food images is a challenging yet essential task for automated dietary assessment. Although ...

The IGF1-PGM5 Axis Inhibits Aerobic Glycolysis and Serves As a Tumor Suppressor in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy with a distinct geographical distribution. This study aimed to identify core glycolysis-relat...