Environmental Health

[Soil Cadmium Prediction and Health Risk Assessment of an Oasis on the Eastern Edge of the Tarim Basin Based on Feature Optimization and Machine Learning].

Soil heavy metal pollution poses a serious threat to food security, human health, and soil ecosystems. Based on 644 soil samples collected from a typical oasis located at the eastern margin of the Tarim Basin, a series of models, namely, multiple linear regression （LR）, neural network （BP）, random forest （RF）, support vector machine （SVM）, and radial basis function （RBF）, were built to predict the...

Arondight: Red Teaming Large Vision Language Models with Auto-generated Multi-modal Jailbreak Prompts

Large Vision Language Models (VLMs) extend and enhance the perceptual abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite offering new possibilities for LLM applications, these advancements raise significant security and ethical concerns, particularly regarding the generation of harmful content. While LLMs have undergone extensive security evaluations with the aid of red teaming frameworks, VLMs ...

Early Detection of Coffee Leaf Rust Through Convolutional Neural Networks Trained on Low-Resolution Images

Coffee leaf rust, a foliar disease caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, poses a major threat to coffee production, especially in Central America...

Can virtual staining for high-throughput screening generalize?

The large volume and variety of imaging data from high-throughput screening (HTS) in the pharmaceutical industry present an excellent resource for t...

Generating, modeling and evaluating a large-scale set of CRISPR/Cas9 off-target sites with bulges.

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a highly accurate gene-editing technique, but it can also lead to unintended off-target sites (OTS). Consequently, many high...

Challenges for Real-Time Toxicity Detection in Online Games

Online multiplayer games like League of Legends, Counter Strike, and Skribbl.io create experiences through community interactions. Providing players...

Electrocardiographic Classification using Deep Learning with Lead Switching.

The classification algorithms of rhythm and morphology abnormalities in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have been widely studied. However, the existin...

SIU: A Million-Scale Structural Small Molecule-Protein Interaction Dataset for Unbiased Bioactivity Prediction

Small molecules play a pivotal role in modern medicine, and scrutinizing their interactions with protein targets is essential for the discovery and ...

SenTopX: Benchmark for User Sentiment on Various Topics

Toxic sentiment analysis on Twitter (X) often focuses on specific topics and events such as politics and elections. Datasets of toxic users in such ...

Assessing the readability, reliability, and quality of artificial intelligence chatbot responses to the 100 most searched queries about cardiopulmonary resuscitation: An observational study.

This study aimed to evaluate the readability, reliability, and quality of responses by 4 selected artificial intelligence (AI)-based large language mo...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Hospitalization During Chemoradiotherapy With Daily Step Counts.

IMPORTANCE: Toxic effects of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) can cause treatment interruptions and hospitalizations, reducing treatment efficacy an...

[A survey on the application of convolutional neural networks in the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis].

Pneumoconiosis ranks first among the newly-emerged occupational diseases reported annually in China, and imaging diagnosis is still one of the main cl...

Rapid fiber-detection technique by artificial intelligence in phase-contrast microscope images of simulated atmospheric samples.

Since the manufacture, import, and use of asbestos products have been completely abolished in Japan, the main cause of asbestos emissions into the atm...

A snail species identification method based on deep learning in food safety.

In daily life, snail classification is an important mean to ensure food safety and prevent the occurrence of situations that toxic snails are mistaken...

RDguru: An Intelligent Agent for Rare Diseases.

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in clinical medicine, but their adoption in real-world settings has been limited by their tenden...

Alternative methods go green! Green toxicology as a sustainable approach for assessing chemical safety and designing safer chemicals.

Green toxicology is marching chemistry into the 21st century. This emerging framework will transform how chemical safety is evaluated by incorporating...

Artificial Intelligence Application for Anti-tumor Drug Synergy Prediction.

Currently, the main therapeutic methods for cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy still plays an importan...

Deep learning-derived 12-lead electrocardiogram-based genotype prediction for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a pilot study.

Given the psychosocial and ethical burden, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMs) could benefit from the establishment of genetic probabili...

A graph-based modeling framework for tracing hydrological pollutant transport in surface waters.

Anthropogenic pollution of hydrological systems affects diverse communities and ecosystems around the world. Data analytics and modeling tools play a ...

Deep learning based an effective hybrid model for water quality assessment.

Water, which is very important for life and civilizations on Earth, has been a source of life for all living things. However, freshwater resources gra...