Gastroenterology

Galar - a large multi-label video capsule endoscopy dataset.

Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is an important technology with many advantages (non-invasive, representation of small bowel), but faces many limitations as well (time-consuming analysis, short battery lifetime, and poor image quality). Artificial intelligence (AI) holds potential to address every one of these challenges, however the progression of machine learning methods is limited by the avaibili...

Pyroptosis drives tumor progression and immune evasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a single-cell and spatial transcriptomic study.

BACKGROUND: Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by inflammasome activation and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which induce a strong immune response. Unlike apoptosis, pyroptosis can elicit potent immune stimulation, potentially playing a crucial role in anti-tumor immunity. However, it may also promote tumor progression by altering the tumor microenvironment and fac...

Future of image enhanced endoscopy of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Barrett's esophagus is a premalignant precursor lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Esophag...

New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma remains one of the leading contributors to global cancer mortality, frequently stemming from chronic liver conditions, such a...

Multiclassification of Colorectal Polyps from Colonoscopy Images Using AI for Early Diagnosis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, emphasizing the critical need for the accurate class...

and are potentially important biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: based on WGCNA and machine learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) does not have distinct and highly sensitive biomarkers, making its diagnosis difficult. Conseque...

Development of a warning model for drug-induced liver injury in the older patients.

INTRODUCTION: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant adverse drug reaction, ranging from mild liver enzyme elevations to severe outcomes su...

Brassica microgreens shape gut microbiota and functional metabolite profiles in a species-related manner: A multi-omics approach following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and large intestine fermentation.

Brassicaceae microgreens constitute a novel and promising source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and glucosinolates. In this work, an inte...

Transformer model based on Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound for microvascular invasion prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is strongly associated with the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Assisting the Diagnosis of Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: A Novel Non-Invasive Approach.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the important features and cut-off values after demonstrating the detectability of cirrhosis using routine laborato...

Integrative Metabolomic and Lipidomic Signatures of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs: Correlations with Hematological and Biochemical Markers.

In the present study, we investigated biochemical, hematological, lipidomic, and metabolomic alterations associated with different SAR-CoV-2 variants ...

Intestinal permeability of N-acetylcysteine is driven by gut microbiota-dependent cysteine palmitoylation.

Trillions of intestinal microbiota are essential to the permeability of orally administered drugs. However, identifying microbial-drug interactions re...

Fidaxomicin Reduces Collagen Expression in Intestinal Fibroblasts Via Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta Inhibition.

INTRODUCTION: About 30%-50% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) eventually develop intestinal strictures, with intestinal fibrosis being a major com...

A Comparison of Machine Learning-Based Models and a Simple Clinical Bedside Tool to Predict Morbidity and Mortality After Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery in the Elderly.

Frailty in the elderly population is associated with increased vulnerability to stressors, including surgical interventions. This study compared machi...

Study on Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Fenestrations Based on Cellular Omics-Structure Integration Technology and Its Application in Metabolic Diseases.

This study developed a new Cellular Omics-Structural Integration (COSI) technology platform to address the limitation of traditional technologies in s...

Predicting the risk of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Type A aortic dissection based on an interpretable machine learning model.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a common complication following Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) surgery, significantly impacting progno...

Transforming Gastrointestinal Diagnosis with Molecular Endoscopy: Challenges and Opportunities.

Molecular endoscopy represents a transformative advance in the detection, diagnosis, and management of gastrointestinal diseases, addressing the criti...

Radiomics of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Predicting Radiation-Induced Hepatic Toxicity After Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Machine Learning Predictive Model Based on the SHAP Methodology.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) radiomic data,...

Computer-aided diagnosis for colorectal polyp in comparison with endoscopists: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) is anticipated to enhance the prediction of colorectal polyp histology. This study aims to compare the dia...

Pancreas segmentation using AI developed on the largest CT dataset with multi-institutional validation and implications for early cancer detection.

Accurate and fully automated pancreas segmentation is critical for advancing imaging biomarkers in early pancreatic cancer detection and for biomarker...