Gastroenterology

Machine learning identifies signatures of host adaptation in the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica.

Emerging pathogens are a major threat to public health, however understanding how pathogens adapt to new niches remains a challenge. New methods are urgently required to provide functional insights into pathogens from the massive genomic data sets now being generated from routine pathogen surveillance for epidemiological purposes. Here, we measure the burden of atypical mutations in protein coding...

Using machine learning to identify patterns of lifetime health problems in decedents with autism spectrum disorder.

Very little is known about the health problems experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout their life course. We retrospectively analyzed diagnostic codes associated with de-identified electronic health records using a machine learning algorithm to characterize diagnostic patterns in decedents with ASD and matched decedent community controls. Participants were 91 dece...

Deep learning Radiomics of shear wave elastography significantly improved diagnostic performance for assessing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B: a prospective multicentre study.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the performance of the newly developed deep learning Radiomics of elastography (DLRE) for assessing liver fibrosis sta...

Superpixel-based and boundary-sensitive convolutional neural network for automated liver segmentation.

Segmentation of liver in abdominal computed tomography (CT) is an important step for radiation therapy planning of hepatocellular carcinoma. Practical...

Technical Note: A deep learning-based autosegmentation of rectal tumors in MR images.

PURPOSE: Manual contouring of gross tumor volumes (GTV) is a crucial and time-consuming process in rectum cancer radiotherapy. This study aims to deve...

Physical Properties of the Extracellular Matrix of Decellularized Porcine Liver.

The decellularization of organs has attracted attention as a new functional methodology for regenerative medicine based on tissue engineering. In prev...

Glucagonoma and Glucagonoma Syndrome: One Center's Experience of Six Cases.

Glucagonoma is an extremely rare neuroendocrine tumor arising from pancreatic islet cells. Although patients with glucagonoma manifest multiple typic...

Antifibrotic effects of gallic acid on hepatic stellate cells: mechanistic study.

Few studies reported the antifibrotic effects of gallic acid (GA) despite its known hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Accordingly, this stu...

Automated classification of celiac disease during upper endoscopy: Status quo and quo vadis.

A large amount of digital image material is routinely captured during esophagogastroduodenoscopies but, for the most part, is not used for confirming ...

Evaluation of Vancomycin Dosing in Patients With Cirrhosis: Beginning De-Liver-ations about a New Nomogram.

Reduced hepatic production of creatinine precursors in patients with decompensated cirrhosis leads to falsely low serum creatinine values. Therefore,...

Natural Language Processing Accurately Calculates Adenoma and Sessile Serrated Polyp Detection Rates.

BACKGROUND: ADR is a widely used colonoscopy quality indicator. Calculation of ADR is labor-intensive and cumbersome using current electronic medical ...

Hierarchical combinatorial deep learning architecture for pancreas segmentation of medical computed tomography cancer images.

BACKGROUND: Efficient computational recognition and segmentation of target organ from medical images are foundational in diagnosis and treatment, espe...

Identifying tumor in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms from Ki67 images using transfer learning.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has clear guidelines regarding the use of Ki67 index in defining the proliferative rate and assigning grade for pa...

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Polyp Detection for Colonoscopy: Initial Experience.

Intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate is not associated with cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and metabolic toxicity in adults.

BACKGROUND: Magnesium (Mg) deficiency contributes to the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. The therapeutic use of Mg has steadily increased over t...

Prevalence and genotypes of Giardia lamblia from stray dogs and cats in Guangdong, China.

Giardia lamblia is a worldwide zoonotic intestinal parasite that infects humans and a wide range of mammals including dogs and cats, causing giardiasi...

A survey on Barrett's esophagus analysis using machine learning.

This work presents a systematic review concerning recent studies and technologies of machine learning for Barrett's esophagus (BE) diagnosis and treat...

Predicting heat stress index in Sasso hens using automatic linear modeling and artificial neural network.

There is an increasing use of robust analytical algorithms in the prediction of heat stress. The present investigation therefore, was carried out to f...

An application of cascaded 3D fully convolutional networks for medical image segmentation.

Recent advances in 3D fully convolutional networks (FCN) have made it feasible to produce dense voxel-wise predictions of volumetric images. In this w...

Patient-specific and global convolutional neural networks for robust automatic liver tumor delineation in follow-up CT studies.

Radiological longitudinal follow-up of tumors in CT scans is essential for disease assessment and liver tumor therapy. Currently, most tumor size meas...