Gastroenterology

Eliminating Registration Bias in Synthetic CT Generation using a physics-based simulation framework for pelvic anatomy.

Supervised synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation from cone-beam CT (CBCT) requires spatially registered training pairs, yet perfect registration between separately acquired scans is unattainable. This registration bias propagates into trained models and corrupts intensity-based evaluation, so higher benchmark scores may reward reproduction of registration artifacts over anatomical fidelit...

Antibiotic Resistance in Helicobacter pylori: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Eradication Barriers.

Antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori is an important factor in the ineffectiveness of eradication regimens. The rate of resistance is not constant and varies widely by region and over time. Resistance is mainly due to point mutations in target genes like 23S rRNA (clarithromycin), gyrA/gyrB (fluoroquinolones), rdxA/frxA (metronidazole), and PBP1 (amoxicillin). Moreover, multi-drug resistan...

Predictive Models of Pregnancy Based on Male Partner Data From a Preconception Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Male factors contribute to approximately 50% of couple infertility, yet few studies have used machine learning with comprehensive male par...

Comparable Predictive Performance of Non-VCTE-Based Machine Learning Model for HBV-Infected Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk.

BACKGROUND: Accurate risk stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients remains challenging. Vibration-co...

A Validated, explainable machine learning-based preoperative risk model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: This investigation aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic algorithm for preoperatively assessing the likelihood of microvascular invasion...

Machine Learning Prediction of Local Failure in GI Brain Metastases on the Day of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.

BACKGROUND: Time to local failure after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), including Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS), for gastrointestinal (GI) brain me...

The Mind From Within: Visceral Roots of Human Cognition.

Humans think and act not only with the brain but also with the heart, lungs, gut, and other viscera, such as the bladder, long regarded as primarily v...

A novel inflammatory bowel disease registry powered by artificial intelligence and natural language processing.

Despite substantial recent progress in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapies, there remains a large proportion of patients who are non-responders...

Detection of Pancreatic Cancer via Specific Metabolite Markers: A Metabolomics Approach.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide because most patients are diagnosed...

RETRACTED: Amin et al. Liver Tumor Localization Based on YOLOv3 and 3D-Semantic Segmentation Using Deep Neural Networks. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 823.

Diagnostics retracts the article entitled "Liver Tumor Localization Based on YOLOv3 and 3D-Semantic Segmentation Using Deep Neural Networks" [...].

Deciphering Post-surgery Gut Microbial Dynamics in Colorectal Cancer through Multi-cohort Machine Learning.

Surgical resection, and its associated bowel preparation, remain the primary treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the associated effects on post...

Incremental Diagnostic Value of Clinical Information for Large Language Models Across Multiple Organs: Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to generate the impression section from radiology findings automatical...

A novel approach for liver steatosis assessment in ultrasound images using an adapted Vision-Language Foundation Model.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. B-mode ultrasound remai...

Risk and mechanisms of artificial sweetener-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Insights from multi-level bioinformatics and in vitro assays.

The association between artificial sweeteners (ASs), which are widely used sugar substitutes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver dis...

Multichamber Myocardial Strain for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification in Liver Transplant Recipients Using Interpretable Machine Learning.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular events are a leading cause of mortality after liver transplantation (LT), and existing risk scores incompletely capture myo...

Association between body composition and recurrence in stage II-III colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer death and prognostic factors are used to determine management. Patients with advance...

EndoVLM: A Vision-Language Assistant for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy generates extensive high-resolution video data, posing significant challenges for efficient and accurate computer-aided dia...

Gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and microbiome-directed nutritional interventions in hyperuricemia and gout: mechanisms and translational opportunities.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout are increasingly prevalent metabolic disorders, imposing a substantial global health burden. Although conventional urate-...

Targeting Ferroptosis and Cuproptosis in Ulcerative Colitis: Findings from Comprehensive Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent intestinal disorder with an incompletely defined pathogenesis and increasing prevalence and hospitalization ra...

Association between low skeletal muscle mass assessed by deep learning-based CT and MASLD: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: To explore the role of abdominal skeletal muscle mass in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) incidence and re...