Gastroenterology

Habitat analysis and other AI technologies for Ki-67 prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center study.

OBJECTIVES: To develop various artificial intelligence (AI) models including radiomics, deep transfer learning (DTL) and habitat analysis models, as well as a combined model, for the preoperative noninvasive prediction of Ki-67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 433 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC from two insti...

PancDS in Real-World Practice: A Prospective Multicenter Validation of a Clinical Decision-Support System Bridging Experience Gaps in Pancreatic Lesion Diagnosis.

Distinguishing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from mass-forming pancreatitis (MFP) is challenging due to imaging mimicry and reader-dependent variability. PancDS is developed as a biomimetic pancreatic decision-support system that integrates clinical predictors, a radiomics signature, and self-developed deep features (PANet). PancDS is enabled by TriFusionNet, an adaptive fusion strategy ...

Artificial intelligence-based anatomical recognition improves surgeon decision-making during robotic gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based anatomical recognition has emerged to support intraoperative cognition; however, its clinical utility b...

Interpretable multitask model for clinical pathology image prediction and interpretation.

Deep learning (DL)-based pathological image modelling and analysis approaches offer transformative potential for early cancer diagnostics, yet limited...

HELIX: a scalable model for predicting context-dependent regulation of RNA splicing and isoform usage.

Context-dependent alternative splicing plays a critical role in disease pathogenesis and organ development, but its complex regulation remains challen...

Deep learning-based prediction of lymph node metastasis and occult tumor cells in gastric cancer using histopathological images: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an important prognostic factor but is often underdiagnosed due to limitations in conventional assessment me...

Precision nutrition for the prevention and management of inflammatory bowel disease.

The rising disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) parallels the changing dietary landscape accompanying industrialization, underscoring th...

An interpretable machine learning model integrating [18F]FDG PET/CT radiomics and clinical features for predicting perforation following chemotherapy in gastrointestinal lymphoma: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Perforation following chemotherapy in gastrointestinal lymphoma (PFCGL) is a rare but severe and life-threatening complication. Early pre-...

From histology to spatial transcriptomics: establishing a lightweight single-patch baseline.

Predicting spatial gene expression from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histological images is a central challenge in the field of computational p...

Classification of different light colors applied during the incubation period based on small intestine morphology with XGBoost algorithm.

BACKGROUND: Light is a significant environmental stimulus affecting embryonic development during incubation, and it is known that different wavelength...

Artificial intelligence-assisted integrated care to promote colonoscopy uptake (AICC) in China: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) leads to heavy disease and economic burdens globally. Early screening such as colonoscopy has been demonstrated to...

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence models in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to pool...

Peptides as integrative modulators for clinical prognosis and targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, ranking as the twelfth most common malignancy yet claiming an outsized toll with disma...

What are the views of cancer care administrators and clinicians in England on the use of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore administrators' and clinicians' views on the factors that influence their use and adoption of a machine learning clinical decisi...

Explainable machine learning incorporating CHI3L1 enhances liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B: The CHILI multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying significant liver fibrosis (≥F2) is critical for initiating antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Chitinase-3-like p...

Diverse image generation with diffusion models and cross class label learning for polyp classification.

Pathologic diagnosis is a critical phase in deciding the optimal treatment procedure for dealing with colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonic polyps, precurs...

Bufalin targets E2F2 to transcriptionally inhibit LINC01410 and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Bufalin, a main active monomer component extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine toad venom, exhibits potent anti-tumour activity across diver...

Evaluating reasoning models for therapy recommendations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: expert and LLM-based evaluations of OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate two advanced reasoning LLMs in generating treatment recommendations for real-world gastrointestinal stromal tumor...

Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model for predicting surgical intervention in pediatric intestinal obstruction.

Pediatric intestinal obstruction, a critical acute abdomen condition, carries a risk of intestinal necrosis. Decisions for urgent surgery lack standar...

A Fluorescence Imaging- and Deep Learning-Based Approach for Detecting Hepatitis B Virus Integration into Host Genomes.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma, and HBV integration into the host genome is regularly observed in the liver of...